Rushewar tsakiya na abubuwan gani na gani Ma'anar da kalmomi

Tsakanin tsakiya naabubuwan ganialama ce mai matukar mahimmanciabubuwan gani na ruwan tabarauda kuma wani muhimmin al'amari wanda ya shafi hoton tsarin tsarin gani. Idan ruwan tabarau da kansa yana da babban ɓarna na tsakiya, to, ko da an sarrafa siffar fuskarsa da kyau, har yanzu ba za a iya samun ingancin hoton da ake tsammani ba lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi zuwa tsarin gani. Saboda haka, ra'ayi da gwaji na tsakiyar karkatar da abubuwan gani shine Tattaunawa tare da hanyoyin sarrafawa yana da matukar mahimmanci. Koyaya, akwai ma'anoni da sharuɗɗa da yawa game da karkacewar tsakiya wanda yawancin abokai ba su da cikakkiyar fahimtar wannan alamar. A aikace, yana da sauƙin fahimta da rudani. Saboda haka, fara daga wannan sashe, za mu mayar da hankali a kan spherical surface, aspheric surface, Ma'anar cibiyar karkatar da cylindrical ruwan tabarau abubuwa da kuma tsarin gwajin za a gabatar da tsare-tsaren don taimaka kowa da kowa fahimtar da fahimtar wannan nuna alama, don haka da kyau inganta. ingancin samfurin a ainihin aikin.

2 Sharuɗɗan da suka danganci karkatacciyar ƙasa

Domin bayyana karkata ta tsakiya, ya zama dole a gare mu mu fara fahimtar ma'anar ma'anar ma'anar ma'ana ta gama gari.

1. Axis na gani

Axis ne na ka'idar. Na'urar gani ko tsarin gani yana jujjuyawa a daidai gwargwado game da axis na gani. Don ruwan tabarau mai siffar zobe, axis na gani shine layin da ke haɗa cibiyoyin filaye guda biyu.

2. Axis Reference

Yana da zaɓaɓɓen axis na ɓangaren gani ko tsarin, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi azaman tunani lokacin haɗa bangaren. Axis axis shine tabbataccen madaidaiciyar layi da ake amfani dashi don yiwa alama, dubawa da gyara karkacewar tsakiya. Wannan madaidaiciyar layin yakamata ya nuna madaidaicin axis na tsarin.

3. Maganar Magana

Ita ce hanyar haɗin gwiwa na axis datum da farfajiyar bangaren.

4. The karkata kwana na Sphere

A tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin datum da farfajiyar sassan, kusurwar da ke tsakanin yanayin al'ada da datum axis.

5. Aspheric karkatar kwana

Matsakaicin tsakanin jujjuya juzu'i na siminti na saman aspheric da axis na datum.

6. Lateral nisa na aspheric surface

Tazarar dake tsakanin madaidaicin saman saman da datum axis.

3 Ma'anoni masu alaƙa na karkacewar tsakiya

Ana auna madaidaicin tsaka-tsaki na sararin samaniya ta hanyar kusurwa tsakanin daidaitattun ma'anar ma'anar sararin samaniya da kuma axis, wato, kusurwar karkatar da sararin samaniya. Ana kiran wannan kusurwar kusurwar karkarwa, wanda harafin Helenanci χ ke wakilta.

Matsakaicin tsakiyar farfajiyar aspheric yana wakilta ta kusurwar karkata χ na saman aspheric da nisa ta gefe d na saman aspheric.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa lokacin da ake kimanta ɓacin rai na tsakiya na nau'in ruwan tabarau guda ɗaya, kuna buƙatar fara zaɓar ɗayan saman a matsayin ma'aunin tunani don kimanta karkacewar tsakiyar wani farfajiyar.

Bugu da ƙari, a aikace, ana iya amfani da wasu sigogi don siffa ko kimanta girman karkacewar cibiyar, gami da:

1. Edge run-out ERO, wanda ake kira Edge run-out a turance. Lokacin da aka daidaita bangaren, mafi girma da gudu-fita a cikin daya da'irar gefen, mafi girma da karkatar da tsakiya.

2. Bambancin kauri na ETD, wanda ake kira bambancin kauri a Turanci, wani lokaci ana bayyana shi da △t. Lokacin da bambance-bambancen kauri na gefe ya yi girma, karkacewar tsakiyarsa shima zai fi girma.

3. Za a iya fassara jimlar TIR ɗin da aka gama fita azaman jimlar hoton ƙarewa ko jimlar nunin ƙarewa. A cikin Ingilishi, jimlar hoton ya ƙare ko jimlar da aka nuna ƙarewa.

A cikin ma'anar farko na al'ada, za a kuma siffanta karkacewar cibiyar da bambancin tsakiya C ko bambancin eccentricity C,

Spherical center aberration, wakilta da babban harafin C (wani lokacin kuma wakilta da karamin harafi a), an bayyana shi a matsayin karkatar da geometric axis na m da'irar ruwan tabarau daga Tantancewar axis a tsakiyar curvature na ruwan tabarau. a cikin millimeters. An yi amfani da wannan kalmar na dogon lokaci Ana amfani da ita don ma'anar karkatar da cibiyar, kuma har yanzu masana'antun suna amfani da ita. Gabaɗaya ana gwada wannan mai nuna alama tare da kayan aikin tsakiya mai nuni.

Eccentricity, wanda ƙaramin harafi c ke wakilta, shine nisa tsakanin madaidaicin madaidaicin madaidaicin juzu'i na ɓangaren gani ko taro ana dubawa akan kullin jirgin da kumburin baya (wannan ma'anar yana da duhu sosai, ba mu buƙatar tilastawa. Fahimtar mu), a cikin sharuddan lambobi A saman, ƙayyadaddun ƙima yana daidai da radius na hoton da'irar bugun da'irar lokacin da ruwan tabarau ke juyawa kusa da axis na geometric. Yawancin lokaci ana gwada shi da kayan aikin watsawa.

4. Alakar juzu'i tsakanin sigogi daban-daban

1. Dangantakar da ke tsakanin kusurwar ƙwanƙwasa saman χ, bambancin tsakiya C da bambancin kauri Δt