Optical Prisms
Prisms yog iav optics khoom uas yog hauv av thiab polished rau hauv geometrical thiab optically tseem ceeb duab. Lub kaum sab xis, txoj hauj lwm, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw pab txhais hom thiab ua haujlwm. Prisms yog blocks ntawm optical iav nrog tiaj polished nto ntawm precisely tswj cov ces kaum rau ib leeg, txhua hom prism muaj ib lub kaum ntse ntse uas txoj kev khoov. Prisms yog siv los deflect, tig, invert, disperse lub teeb los yog hloov lub polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem beam. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau folding optical systems lossis rotating dluab. Prisms tuaj yeem siv los hloov thiab thim rov qab cov duab nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov. SLR koob yees duab thiab ob lub koob yees duab ob leeg siv prisms kom paub tseeb tias cov duab koj pom ntawm tib qhov kev taw qhia raws li cov khoom. Ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum xaiv ib qho prism yog tias lub teeb pom kev tawm ntawm ntau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub optic, qhov no txhais tau hais tias txoj kev kho qhov muag ntev ntawm lub prism yog ntev npaum li cas nws yuav nyob hauv daim iav.
Muaj plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm prisms raws li kev ua haujlwm sib txawv: dispersion prisms, kev sib txawv, los yog kev xav prisms, rotation prisms, thiab hloov prisms. Kev sib txawv, kev hloov pauv, thiab kev sib hloov prisms yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv sau npe; dispersion prisms yog nruj me ntsis ua rau dispersing lub teeb, yog li tsis haum rau ib daim ntawv thov uas yuav tsum tau zoo dluab. Txhua hom prism muaj ib lub kaum ntse ntse uas lub teeb txoj kev khoov. Ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum xaiv ib qho prism yog tias lub teeb pom kev tawm ntawm ntau qhov chaw hauv qhov muag pom, qhov no txhais tau hais tias txoj kev kho qhov muag ntev ntev dua li qhov nws yuav yog nrog daim iav.
Dispersion Prism
Prism dispersion yog nyob ntawm qhov geometry ntawm lub prism thiab nws qhov Performance index dispersion nkhaus, raws li lub wavelength thiab Performance index ntawm refraction ntawm lub prism substrate. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov sib txawv yam tsawg kawg nkaus qhia lub kaum sab xis me tshaj plaws ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab cov kab hluav taws xob xa mus. Lub teeb ntsuab ntawm lub teeb deviates ntau dua li liab, thiab xiav ntau dua li liab thiab ntsuab; liab yog feem ntau txhais li 656.3nm, ntsuab li 587.6nm, thiab xiav li 486.1nm.
Deviation, Rotation, thiab Displacement Prisms
Prisms uas deviate txoj kab hluav taws xob, tig daim duab, los yog yooj yim tshem cov duab los ntawm nws cov axis qub yog pab tau rau ntau lub tshuab duab. Ray deviations feem ntau yog ua ntawm kaum ntawm 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, thiab 180 °. Qhov no yuav pab kom condense system loj los yog kho txoj kab hluav taws xob tsis cuam tshuam rau tus so ntawm lub system teeb. Kev sib hloov prisms, xws li nquab prisms, yog siv los tig ib daim duab tom qab nws inverted. Displacement prisms tuav cov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kab hluav taws xob, tsis tau kho nws cov kev sib raug zoo rau qhov qub.
