Txheej txheem cej luam
Polarization optics yog siv los hloov lub xeev ntawm polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob. Peb cov polarization optics suav nrog polarizers, yoj daim hlau / retarders, depolarizers, faraday rotators, thiab optical cais tawm ntawm UV, pom, lossis IR spectral ntau yam.
1064nm Faraday Rotator
Dawb-Space Isolator
High Power Nd-YAG Polarizer
Kev tsim kho qhov muag feem ntau tsom rau lub wavelength thiab kev siv lub teeb, thaum tsis saib xyuas nws cov polarization. Polarization, txawm li cas los xij, yog ib qho khoom tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb raws li nthwv dej. Lub teeb yog electromagnetic yoj, thiab hluav taws xob teb ntawm no nthwv dej oscillates perpendicularly rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm propagation. Polarization xeev piav qhia txog kev taw qhia ntawm nthwv dej oscillation nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm propagation. Lub teeb yog hu ua unpolarized yog hais tias cov kev taw qhia ntawm no hluav taws xob teb fluctuates random nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm. Yog hais tias qhov kev taw qhia ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, nws yog hu ua lub teeb polarized. Qhov chaw tshaj plaws ntawm lub teeb polarized yog laser. Nyob ntawm seb lub teb hluav taws xob tau taw qhia li cas, peb faib lub teeb polarized rau hauv peb hom polarizations:
★ Linear polarization: lub oscillation thiab propagation yog nyob rau hauv ib lub dav hlau.Thehluav taws xob teb ntawm linearly polarized teeb consists ntawm ob perpendicular, sib npaug hauv amplitude, linear cov khoom uas tsis muaj theem sib txawv.Lub resultant hluav taws xob teb ntawm lub teeb yog nyob rau hauv ib lub dav hlau raws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm propagation.
★ Lub voj voog polarization: lub teeb txoj kev taw qhia hloov lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug helical zam. Lub teb hluav taws xob ntawm lub teeb muaj ob txoj kab sib txuas uas nyob ib sab ntawm ib leeg, sib npaug hauv amplitude, tab sis muaj theem sib txawv ntawm π / 2. Lub resultant hluav taws xob teb ntawm lub teeb rotates nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog nyob ib ncig ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm propagation.
★ Elliptical polarization: hluav taws xob teb ntawm lub teeb elliptical polarized piav txog ib lub voj voog, piv rau lub voj voog los ntawm lub voj voog polarization. Qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ob qhov sib xyaw nrog cov amplitudes sib txawv thiab / lossis theem sib txawv uas tsis yog π / 2. Qhov no yog cov lus piav qhia feem ntau ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lub teeb ci thiab cov kab tawm polarized tuaj yeem raug saib raws li cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb elliptical polarized.
Ob lub orthogonal Linear polarization feem ntau hu ua "S" thiab "P",lawvyog txhais los ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze orientation rau lub dav hlau ntawm qhov xwm txheej.P-polarized lub teebuas yog oscillating parallel rau lub dav hlau no yog "P", thaum s-polarized lub teeb uas muaj hluav taws xob teb polarized perpendicular rau lub dav hlau no yog "S".Polarizersyog cov ntsiab lus kho qhov muag tseem ceeb rau kev tswj koj lub polarization, xa lub xeev xav tau polarization thaum xav txog, nqus lossis deviating tus so. Muaj ntau hom polarizer, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Txhawm rau pab koj xaiv cov polarizer zoo tshaj plaws rau koj daim ntawv thov, peb yuav tham txog cov ntsiab lus polarizer nrog rau cov lus qhia xaiv polarizers.
P thiab S pol. yog txhais los ntawm lawv cov txheeb ze orientation rau lub dav hlau ntawm qhov xwm txheej
Polarizer Specifications
Polarizers yog txhais los ntawm ob peb qhov tseem ceeb, qee qhov tshwj xeeb rau polarization optics. Cov parameter tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog:
⊙Kev xa mus: Tus nqi no yog hais txog kev sib kis ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb polarized nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub polarization axis, los yog mus rau kis ntawm lub teeb unpolarized los ntawm lub polarizer. Kev sib kis kab mob sib kis yog kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb tsis muaj polarized los ntawm ob lub polarizers nrog lawv cov polarization axes nyob rau hauv parallel, thaum hla kev sib kis yog kev sib kis ntawm lub teeb tsis muaj polarized los ntawm ob lub polarizers nrog lawv cov polarization axes hla. Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws polarizers kis tau tus mob ntawm linearly polarized lub teeb thaum uas tig mus rau lub polarization axis yog 100%, thaum uas tig mus kis yog 50% thiab hla kis yog 0%. Lub teeb tsis muaj polarized tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm p- thiab s-polarized lub teeb. Ib qho zoo tshaj plaws linear polarizer yuav tsuas xa ib qho ntawm ob txoj kab polarizations, txo qhov pib tsis muaj zog siv I0los ntawm ib nrab, ie,kuv = I0/2,yog li kev sib kis sib kis (rau lub teeb tsis muaj polarized) yog 50%. Rau linearly polarized teeb nrog kev siv I0, qhov kev siv zog kis tau los ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws polarizer, Kuv, tuaj yeem piav qhia los ntawm Malus txoj cai, piv txwv li,kuv = I0cos2Øqhov twg θ yog lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov xwm txheej linear polarization thiab polarization axis. Peb pom tias rau cov axes sib npaug, 100% kev sib kis tau tiav, thaum rau 90 ° axes, tseem hu ua crossed polarizers, muaj 0% kev sib kis, yog li kev sib kis yog 0%. Txawm li cas los xij nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv thov kev sib kis yuav tsis yog raws nraim 0%, yog li ntawd, polarizers yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug extinction ratio raws li tau piav qhia hauv qab no, uas yuav siv tau los txiav txim qhov tseeb kis tau tus mob los ntawm ob tug hla polarizers.
⊙Extinction Ratio thiab Degree ntawm Polarization: Cov khoom polarizing ntawm ib kab polarizer feem ntau txhais los ntawm qib ntawm polarization lossis polarization efficiency, piv txwv li, P = (T1-T2)/(T1+T2) thiab nws qhov kev ploj tuag piv, piv txwv li, ρp = T2/T1Qhov twg cov thawj coj ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb pom kev los ntawm lub polarizer yog T1 thiab T2. T1 yog qhov siab tshaj plaws kis tau tus mob los ntawm lub polarizer thiab tshwm sim thaum kis tau tus mob axis ntawm lub polarizer yog thaum uas tig mus rau lub polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem linearly polarized beam; T2 yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kis tau tus mob los ntawm polarizer thiab tshwm sim thaum kis tau tus mob axis ntawm lub polarizer yog perpendicular rau polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem linearly polarized beam.
Qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab polarizer feem ntau qhia tau tias yog 1 / ρp : 1. Qhov kev ntsuas no muaj tsawg dua 100: 1 (txhais tau tias koj muaj 100 npaug ntau dua kis tau tus mob rau P polarized lub teeb dua S polarized lub teeb) rau kev lag luam ntawv polarizers rau 10.6: 1 rau siab zoo birefringent crystalline polarizers. Qhov kev ploj tuag feem ntau sib txawv nrog lub wavelength thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub kaum sab xis thiab yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam nrog rau lwm yam xws li tus nqi, qhov loj me, thiab kev sib kis polarized rau ib daim ntawv thov. Ntxiv rau qhov piv txwv ntawm kev ploj tuag, peb tuaj yeem ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub polarizer los ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo. Lub degree ntawm polarization efficiency yog hu ua "contrast", qhov piv txwv no feem ntau yog siv thaum txiav txim siab cov teeb pom kev zoo uas tsis tshua muaj kev siv zog.
⊙Lub kaum sab xis txais: Lub kaum sab xis txais yog qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plaws los ntawm kev tsim qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub kaum sab xis uas lub polarizer tseem yuav ua tau raws li qhov tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau cov polarizers yog tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm 0 ° lossis 45 °, lossis ntawm Brewster lub kaum sab xis. Lub kaum sab xis txais yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sib tw tab sis muaj qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb thaum ua hauj lwm nrog cov kab teeb uas tsis yog-collimated. Hlau kab sib chaws thiab dichroic polarizers muaj qhov lees txais loj tshaj plaws, mus txog rau tag nrho lub kaum sab xis txais yuav luag 90 °.
⊙Kev tsim kho: Polarizers tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom thiab tsim. Nyias zaj duab xis polarizers yog nyias zaj duab xis zoo ib yam li cov ntxaij lim dej optical. Polarizing phaj beamsplitters yog nyias, tiaj daim hlau muab tso rau ntawm lub kaum sab xis rau kab. Polarizing lub voos xwmfab beamsplitters muaj ob lub kaum sab xis prisms mounted ua ke ntawm lub hypotenuse.
Birefringent polarizers muaj ob lub crystalline prisms mounted ua ke, qhov twg lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub prisms yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb polarizer tsim.
⊙Clear aperture: Lub aperture ntshiab yog feem ntau txwv rau birefringent polarizers raws li qhov muaj ntawm optically ntshiab crystals txwv qhov loj ntawm cov polarizers. Dichroic polarizers muaj qhov loj tshaj plaws muaj qhov tseeb apertures raws li lawv cov ntaub ntawv qiv nws tus kheej rau qhov loj dua.
⊙Optical path length: Lub teeb ntev yuav tsum taug kev los ntawm polarizer. Ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev tawg, kev puas tsuaj, thiab qhov chaw txwv, qhov ntev ntawm kev kho qhov muag tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv birefringent polarizers tab sis feem ntau luv luv hauv dichroic polarizers.
⊙Kev puas tsuaj pib: Lub laser puas tsuaj pib yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov khoom siv nrog rau kev tsim cov polarizer, nrog cov polarizers birefringent feem ntau muaj qhov kev puas tsuaj ntau tshaj plaws. Cov cement feem ntau yog qhov cuam tshuam rau kev puas tsuaj rau laser, uas yog vim li cas optically hu beamsplitters los yog huab cua spaced birefringent polarizers muaj kev puas tsuaj ntau dua.
Phau Ntawv Qhia Xaiv Polarizer
Muaj ntau ntau hom polarizers xws li dichroic, lub voos xwmfab, kab sib chaws, thiab crystalline. Tsis muaj ib hom polarizer zoo tagnrho rau txhua daim ntawv thov, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej lub zog thiab qhov tsis muaj zog.
Dichroic Polarizers xa ib lub xeev polarization tshwj xeeb thaum thaiv tag nrho lwm tus. Kev tsim kho ib txwm muaj xws li ib qho coated substrate lossis polymer dichroic zaj duab xis, sandwiched ob daim iav. Thaum lub ntuj beam kis tau los ntawm cov khoom siv dichroic, ib qho ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob orthogonal polarization yog absorbed thiab lwm yam tawm mus nrog tsis muaj zog nqus. Yog li, dichroic daim ntawv polarizer tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov kab hluav taws xob polarized rau hauv kab hluav taws xob polarized. Piv nrog polarizing prisms, dichroic daim ntawv polarizer muaj ntau qhov loj dua thiab siv tau lub kaum ntse ntse.Thaum koj yuav pom kev ploj mus rau tus nqi sib piv, kev tsim kho txwv tsis pub siv lub zog lasers lossis kub kub. Dichroic polarizers muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntawv, xws li cov nqi qis laminated zaj duab xis rau precision siab sib txawv polarizers.
Dichroic polarizers nqus cov pliaj polarization xeev
Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters yog tsim los ntawm kev koom nrog ob lub kaum sab xis prisms nrog lub coated hypotenuse. Cov txheej polarizing feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm alternating txheej ntawm siab thiab qis cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj kev cuam tshuam S polarized lub teeb thiab xa P. Qhov tshwm sim yog ob kab teeb orthogonal nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv uas yooj yim rau mount thiab dlhos. Cov txheej txheej polarizing feem ntau tuaj yeem tiv taus lub zog siab, txawm li cas los xij cov nplaum siv los cement lub cubes tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav. Hom kev ua tsis tiav no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev tiv tauj optically. Thaum peb feem ntau pom qhov sib txawv siab rau cov kab hluav taws xob sib kis, qhov pom qhov sib txawv feem ntau qis dua.
Cov kab hluav taws xob kab hluav taws xob muaj cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ntawm cov iav substrate uas xaiv xa P-Polarized lub teeb thiab qhia txog S-Polarized lub teeb. Vim hais tias ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab xwm, hlau daim phiaj polarizers feature ib lub wavelength band uas yog txwv los ntawm kev sib kis ntawm lub substrate ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau broadband daim ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau high contrast polarization.
Polarization perpendicular rau cov hlau hlau yog kis tau
Crystalline polarizer xa cov polarization xav tau thiab deviate tus so los ntawm kev siv birefringent zog ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv crystalline
Crystalline polarizers siv cov khoom birefringent ntawm lub substrate los hloov lub polarization lub xeev ntawm lub teeb tuaj. Birefringent cov ntaub ntawv muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau lub teeb polarized nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia sib txawv ua rau lub xeev polarization sib txawv los ntawm cov khoom ntawm qhov sib txawv.
Wollaston polarizers yog ib hom crystalline polarizers uas muaj ob lub birefringent txoj cai lub kaum sab xis prisms cemented ua ke, thiaj li hais tias lawv optical axes yog perpendicular. Ntxiv rau qhov kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm crystalline polarizers ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev siv laser.
Wollaston Polarizer
Paralight Optics 'cov kab ntau ntawm cov polarizers suav nrog Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, Kev Ua Haujlwm Siab Ob Channel PBS, Lub Zog Muaj Zog Polarizing Lub voos xwmfab Beamsplitters, 56 ° Polarizing Phaj Beamsplitters, 45 ° Polarizing Phaj Beamsplitters, Dichroic Sheet Polarizers, Nanoparticle Linear Polarringsline, Taylor Polarizers, Glan Laser Polarizers, Glan Thompson Polarizers, Wollaston Polarizers, Rochon Polarizers), Variable Circular Polarizers, thiab Polarizing Beam Displacers / Combiners.
Laser Kab Polarizers
Yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog polarization optics lossis tau txais ib qho kev tsocai, thov hu rau peb.
