Txheej txheem cej luam
Polarization optics yog siv los hloov lub xeev ntawm polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob. Peb cov polarization optics suav nrog polarizers, yoj daim hlau / retarders, depolarizers, Faraday Rotators, thiab optical cais tawm ntawm UV, pom, lossis IR spectral ntau yam.
Wave plates, tseem hu ua retarders, xa lub teeb thiab hloov nws lub xeev polarization yam tsis muaj attenuating, deviating, los yog displating lub beam. Lawv ua qhov no los ntawm kev thim rov qab (los yog ncua) ib feem ntawm polarization nrog rau nws cov khoom siv orthogonal. Lub phaj nthwv dej yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag uas muaj ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, qeeb thiab nrawm, uas daws qhov teeb meem polarized beam rau hauv ob qho tib si perpendicular polarized beams. Cov kab hluav taws xob uas tshwm sim rov ua ke los tsim ib qho kab hluav taws xob polarized. Wave daim hlau tsim tag nrho-, ib nrab- thiab lub quarter-yoj ntawm retardation. Lawv kuj hu ua retarder lossis retardation phaj. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb unpolarized, yoj daim hlau sib npaug rau lub qhov rais - lawv yog ob qho tib si tiaj tus optical Cheebtsam uas lub teeb hla.
⊙Peb lub hlis twg-yoj phaj: thaum linearly polarized lub teeb tawm tswv yim ntawm 45 degrees rau lub axis ntawm lub quarter yoj phaj, cov zis yog ncig polarized, thiab vice versa.
⊙Ib nrab-yoj phaj: Ib nrab nthwv dej phaj rotates linearly polarized lub teeb rau txhua qhov kev xav tau. Lub kaum sab xis yog ob npaug ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm qhov teeb meem polarized lub teeb thiab optical axis.
Laser Zero Order Air-Spaced Quarter-Wave Phaj
Laser Zero Order Air-Spaced Ib Nrab Wave Phaj
Wave daim hlau yog qhov zoo tagnrho rau kev tswj thiab tshuaj xyuas lub xeev polarization ntawm lub teeb. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv peb hom tseem ceeb - xoom xaj, ntau qhov kev txiav txim, thiab achromatic - txhua tus muaj cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm tes. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb yuav pab xaiv txoj cai yoj phaj, txawm li cas los xij yooj yim lossis nyuaj rau kev kho qhov muag.
Terminology & Specifications
⊙Birefringence: Wave daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv birefringent, feem ntau siv lead ua quartz. Cov ntaub ntawv birefringent muaj qhov ntsuas sib txawv me ntsis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam rau lub teeb polarized hauv cov kev taw qhia sib txawv. Yog li ntawd, lawv cais qhov teeb meem tsis muaj polarized teeb rau hauv nws cov khoom sib luag thiab orthogonal uas pom hauv daim duab hauv qab no.
Birefringent Calcite Crystal Separating Unpolarized Lub Teeb
⊙Fast Axis thiab Slow Axis: Lub teeb polarized raws lub nrawm nrawm ntsib qhov ntsuas qis ntawm qhov cuam tshuam thiab taug kev nrawm dua los ntawm yoj daim hlau dua li lub teeb polarized raws qhov qeeb axis. Qhov ceev axis yog qhia los ntawm qhov chaw me me los yog qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov ceev axis txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub phaj yoj unmounted, los yog ib qho cim ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes ntawm lub phaj mounted yoj.
⊙Retardation: Retardation piav qhia txog theem hloov ntawm cov polarization tivthaiv raws li cov axis ceev thiab cov khoom uas tau npaj raws li qhov qeeb axis. Retardation yog teev nyob rau hauv units ntawm degrees, nthwv dej, los yog nanometers. Ib tug tag nrho nthwv dej ntawm retardation yog sib npaug rau 360 °, los yog tus naj npawb ntawm nanometers ntawm lub wavelength ntawm paj. Kev kam rau ntawm retardation feem ntau teev nyob rau hauv degrees, ntuj los yog zauv feem ntawm ib tug tag nrho yoj, los yog nanometers. Piv txwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv retardation thiab tolerances yog: λ/4 ± λ/300, λ/2 ± 0.003λ, λ/2 ± 1 °, 430nm ± 2nm.
Cov txiaj ntsig retardation nrov tshaj plaws yog λ/4, λ/2, thiab 1λ, tab sis lwm yam txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem pab tau hauv qee yam kev siv. Piv txwv li, kev xav sab hauv los ntawm lub prism ua rau ib theem hloov ntawm cov khoom uas yuav muaj teeb meem; ib tug compensating waveplate tuaj yeem kho qhov xav tau polarization.
⊙Ntau Yam Kev Txiav Txim: Hauv ntau qhov kev txiav txim yoj daim hlau, tag nrho retardation yog qhov xav tau retardation ntxiv rau tus lej. Qhov feem ntau ntawm cov lej tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau qhov kev ua tau zoo, tib yam li lub moos qhia tav su hnub no zoo ib yam li ib qho qhia tav su ib lub lim tiam tom qab - txawm tias lub sijhawm tau ntxiv, nws tseem zoo li qub. Txawm hais tias ntau qhov kev txiav txim waveplates yog tsim los nrog tsuas yog ib qho khoom siv birefringent xwb, lawv tuaj yeem ua tuab tuab, uas yooj yim rau kev tuav thiab kev sib koom ua ke. Lub siab tuab, txawm li cas los xij, ua rau ntau qhov kev txiav txim waveplates muaj kev cuam tshuam rau retardation hloov los ntawm wavelength hloov los yog ambient kub hloov.
⊙Zero Order: Lub xoom xaj yoj phaj yog tsim los muab qhov retardance ntawm xoom tag nrho nthwv dej tsis muaj tshaj, ntxiv rau qhov xav tau. Piv txwv li, Zero Order Quartz Wave daim hlau muaj ob ntau qhov kev txiav txim quartz waveplates nrog lawv cov axes hla kom qhov ua tau zoo retardation yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lawv. Tus txheej txheem xoom xaj yoj phaj, tseem hu ua qhov sib xyaw xoom xaj yoj phaj, muaj ntau daim phiaj yoj ntawm tib cov khoom siv birefringent uas tau muab tso rau kom lawv nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw kho qhov muag. Layering ntau yoj daim hlau counterbalances retardation hloov uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug yoj daim hlau, kev txhim kho retardation stability rau wavelength hloov thiab ambient kub hloov. Standard xoom xaj yoj daim hlau tsis txhim kho retardation ua haujlwm tshwm sim los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Qhov tseeb xoom xaj yoj phaj yog tsim los ntawm ib qho khoom siv birefringent uas tau ua tiav rau hauv lub phaj ultra-thin uas tej zaum yuav tsuas yog ob peb microns tuab kom ua tiav qib tshwj xeeb ntawm retardation ntawm xoom xaj. Thaum lub phaj nyias nyias yuav ua rau tuav lossis txhim kho lub waveplate nyuaj dua, qhov tseeb xoom xaj waveplates muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua rau kev hloov pauv wavelength, ambient kub hloov, thiab lub kaum sab xis sib txawv dua li lwm cov waveplates. Zero Order Wave daim hlau qhia kev ua tau zoo dua li ntau daim ntawv xaj yoj. Lawv qhia qhov dav bandwidth thiab qis rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv thiab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb.
⊙Achromatic: Achromatic waveplates muaj ob yam khoom sib txawv uas xyaum tshem tawm chromatic dispersion. Standard achromatic lo ntsiab muag yog tsim los ntawm ob hom iav, uas sib phim kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau focal ntev thaum txo qis lossis tshem tawm chromatic aberration. Achromatic waveplates ua haujlwm ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus. Piv txwv li, Achromatic Waveplates yog tsim los ntawm siv lead ua quartz thiab magnesium fluoride kom ua tiav yuav luag tas li retardation thoob plaws lub dav spectral band.
⊙Super Achromatic: Super achromatic waveplates yog ib hom tshwj xeeb ntawm achromatic waveplate uas yog siv los tshem tawm chromatic dispersion rau ntau qhov dav dav waveband. Ntau lub super achromatic waveplates tuaj yeem siv rau ob qho tib si pom spectrum nrog rau thaj tsam NIR nrog ze rau qhov qub, yog tias tsis zoo, kev sib xws dua li cov achromatic waveplates. Qhov twg achromatic waveplates raug ua los ntawm quartz thiab magnesium fluoride ntawm cov thicknesses, super achromatic waveplates siv ib qho ntxiv sapphire substrate nrog rau quartz thiab magnesium fluoride. Lub thickness ntawm tag nrho peb lub substrates yog txiav txim siab los mus tshem tawm chromatic dispersion rau ib tug ntev ntawm wavelengths.
Phau Ntawv Qhia Xaiv Polarizer
⊙Ntau Order Wave daim hlau
Qhov qis (ntau) kev txiav txim yoj phaj yog tsim los muab cov retardance ntawm ob peb nthwv dej tag nrho, ntxiv rau cov feem xav tau. Qhov no ua rau ib leeg, lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv nrog kev ua tau zoo. Nws muaj ib lub phaj ntawm crystal quartz (nominally 0.5mm nyob rau hauv thickness). Txawm tias me me hloov nyob rau hauv wavelength los yog kub yuav ua rau muaj kev hloov loj nyob rau hauv qhov xav tau fractional retardance. Multi-order yoj daim hlau tsis tshua kim thiab nrhiav kev siv hauv ntau daim ntawv thov uas qhov kev xav tau nce ntxiv tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lawv yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau kev siv nrog lub teeb monochromatic nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tswj kev nyab xeeb, lawv feem ntau ua ke nrog lub laser hauv chav kuaj. Hauv qhov sib piv, cov ntawv thov xws li mineralogy siv cov chromatic hloov pauv (retardance piv rau wavelength hloov) muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov kev txiav txim yoj daim hlau.
Multi-Order Half-Wave Phaj
Multi-Order Quarter-Wave Phaj
Lwm txoj hauv kev rau cov khoom siv crystalline quartz yoj daim hlau yog Polymer Retarder Film. Zaj duab xis no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab retardances thiab ntawm ib feem ntawm tus nqi ntawm crystalline yoj daim hlau. Zaj duab xis retarders yog superior rau siv lead ua quartz daim ntawv thov-wise nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm yooj. Lawv nyias polymeric tsim tso cai rau yooj yim txiav ntawm zaj duab xis rau cov duab thiab loj tsim nyog. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no zoo tagnrho rau siv hauv cov ntawv thov uas siv LCDs thiab fiber ntau optics. Polymer Retarder Zaj duab xis kuj muaj nyob rau hauv achromatic versions. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov kev puas tsuaj tsawg thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab zoo li lasers. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws siv yog txwv rau qhov pom spectrum, yog li UV, NIR, lossis IR daim ntawv thov yuav xav tau lwm txoj hauv kev.
Ntau qhov kev txiav txim yoj daim hlau txhais tau hais tias qhov retardance ntawm txoj kev teeb yuav dhau mus rau qee tus lej ntawm tag nrho cov wavelength hloov ntxiv rau cov qauv tsim fractional retardance. Lub thickness ntawm ntau qhov kev txiav txim yoj phaj yog ib txwm nyob ib ncig ntawm 0.5mm. Piv nrog rau xoom xaj yoj daim hlau, ntau qhov kev txiav txim waveplates muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua rau wavelength & kub hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tshua kim thiab siv dav hauv ntau daim ntawv thov uas qhov kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv tsis tseem ceeb.
⊙Zero Order Wave daim hlau
Raws li lawv tag nrho retardation yog ib feem me me ntawm ntau hom kev txiav txim, qhov retardation rau xoom xaj yoj daim hlau yog nyob deb npaum li qhov ntsuas kub thiab qhov sib txawv wavelength. Hauv cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua lossis xav tau kev mus ncig ua si ntau dua, xoom xaj waveplates yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov piv txwv ntawm daim ntawv thov suav nrog kev soj ntsuam qhov dav dav spectral wavelength, lossis kev ntsuas nrog cov cuab yeej siv hauv thaj chaw.
Zero Order Half-Wave Phaj
Zero Order Quarter-Wave Phaj
- Lub Cemented xoom xaj waveplate yog tsim los ntawm ob daim hlau quartz nrog lawv cov axis ceev hla, ob daim hlau yog cemented los ntawm UV epoxy. Qhov sib txawv ntawm thickness ntawm ob daim hlau txiav txim qhov retardance. Zero xaj yoj daim hlau muab qhov qis dua qhov kev cia siab ntawm qhov kub thiab qhov ntev ntawm qhov hloov pauv ntau dua li cov ntawv xaj ntau zaus.
- Ib qho Optically Hu rau xoom xaj waveplate yog tsim los ntawm ob daim hlau quartz nrog lawv cov axis ceev hla, ob daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm optically hu rau txoj kev, txoj kev kho qhov muag yog epoxy dawb.
- Lub Cua spaced xoom xaj yoj phaj yog tsim los ntawm ob daim hlau quartz ntsia rau hauv ib lub mount uas ua rau huab cua sib txawv ntawm ob daim hlau quartz.
- Qhov tseeb xoom xaj quartz phaj yog ua los ntawm ib lub phaj quartz uas nyias nyias. Lawv tuaj yeem muab los ntawm lawv tus kheej ua ib lub phaj rau kev puas tsuaj loj (ntau dua 1 GW / cm2), lossis ua cov cemented nyias quartz phaj ntawm BK7 substrate los muab lub zog txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev puas tsuaj yooj yim.
- Lub Zero Order Dual Wavelength Wave Plate tuaj yeem muab qhov tshwj xeeb retardance ntawm ob lub wavelengths (qhov tseem ceeb wavelength thiab qhov thib ob harmonic wavelength) tib lub sijhawm. Dual wavelength yoj daim hlau yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv thaum siv nrog rau lwm yam polarization rhiab Cheebtsam cais coaxial laser beams ntawm txawv wavelength. Lub xoom xaj dual wavelength yoj phaj yog dav siv hauv femtosecond lasers.
- Telecom yoj phaj tsuas yog ib lub phaj quartz, piv rau cemented tseeb xoom xaj yoj phaj. Nws yog tsuas yog siv hauv kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau. Telecom waveplates yog nyias & compact waveplates tshwj xeeb tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau. Ib nrab-yoj phaj tuaj yeem siv los hloov lub xeev polarization thaum lub quarter-yoj phaj tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov teeb pom kev zoo ntawm lub teeb rau hauv lub xeev polarization thiab rov ua dua. Ib nrab waveplate yog hais txog 91μm tuab, lub quarter waveplate ib txwm tsis yog 1/4 yoj tab sis 3/4 yoj, txog 137µm hauv thickness. Cov no ultra nyias waveplate ua kom qhov zoo tshaj plaws kub bandwidth, lub kaum sab xis bandwidth thiab wavelength bandwidth. Qhov me me ntawm cov waveplates no kuj ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau kev txo cov pob tag nrho ntawm koj tus qauv tsim. Peb tuaj yeem muab qhov ntau thiab tsawg rau koj qhov kev thov.
- Lub Nruab Nrab Infrared xoom xaj yoj phaj yog tsim los ntawm ob lub Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2) daim hlau nrog lawv cov axis ceev hla, ob daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm optically hu rau txoj kev, txoj kev kho qhov muag yog epoxy dawb. Qhov sib txawv ntawm thickness ntawm ob daim hlau txiav txim qhov retardance. Nruab nrab Infrared xoom xaj yoj daim hlau yog dav siv hauv infrared daim ntaub ntawv, zoo tagnrho rau 2.5-6.0 micron ntau.
⊙Achromatic Wave daim hlau
Achromatic yoj daim hlau zoo ib yam li xoom xaj yoj daim hlau tshwj tsis yog tias ob daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm cov muaju sib txawv. Vim yog kev them nyiaj ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv, achromatic yoj daim hlau nyob deb ntau dua li txawm tias xoom xaj yoj daim hlau. Lub phaj achromatic yoj zoo ib yam li xoom xaj yoj phaj tshwj tsis yog tias ob daim phiaj yog tsim los ntawm cov muaju sib txawv. Txij li thaum dispersion ntawm birefringence ntawm ob cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, nws muaj peev xwm hais kom meej tus nqi retardation ntawm ib tug dav wavelength ntau. Yog li qhov retardation yuav tsis tshua nkag siab rau qhov hloov pauv wavelength. Yog tias qhov xwm txheej npog ob peb lub spectral wavelengths lossis tag nrho cov qhab (los ntawm violet mus rau liab, piv txwv li), achromatic waveplates yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
NIR Achromatic Wave Phaj
SWIR Achromatic Wave Phaj
VIS Achromatic Wave Phaj
⊙Super Achromatic Wave daim hlau
Super Achromatic Wave daim hlau yog zoo ib yam li achromatic yoj daim hlau, es muab lub tiaj tus retardance tshaj ib tug super broadband wavelength ntau. Ib txwm achromatic yoj phaj muaj ib lub phaj quartz thiab ib MgF2 phaj, uas tsuas muaj ob peb pua ntawm nanometer wavelength ntau. Peb super achromatic yoj daim hlau yog tsim los ntawm peb cov khoom siv, quartz, MgF2 thiab sapphire, uas tuaj yeem muab cov retardance tiaj tus ntawm qhov dav dav dav.
⊙Fresnel Rhomb Retarders
Fresnel Rhomb Retarders siv qhov kev xav sab hauv ntawm cov ces kaum tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv prism los qhia qhov cuam tshuam rau qhov teeb meem polarized teeb. Zoo li Achromatic Wave daim hlau, lawv tuaj yeem muab qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau lub wavelengths. Txij li thaum lub retardation ntawm Fresnel Rhomb Retarders tsuas yog nyob ntawm qhov refractive index thiab geometry ntawm cov khoom, lub wavelength ntau yog dav dua Achromatic Waveplate ua los ntawm birefringent siv lead ua. Ib leeg Fresnel Rhomb Retarders tsim ib theem retardation ntawm λ/4, lub teeb tso zis yog parallel rau lub teeb input, tab sis tom qab hloov chaw; Ob Chav Fresnel Rhomb Retarders ua rau theem retardation ntawm λ/2, nws muaj ob lub Fresnel Rhomb Retarders. Peb muab tus qauv BK7 Fresnel Rhomb Retarders, lwm yam khoom siv xws li ZnSe thiab CaF2 muaj nyob rau ntawm kev thov. Cov retarders no yog optimized rau siv nrog diode thiab fiber ntau daim ntaub ntawv. Vim tias Fresnel Rhomb Retarders ua haujlwm raws li tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv, lawv tuaj yeem siv rau kev siv dav dav lossis siv achromatic.
Fresnel Rhomb Retarders
⊙Crystalline Quartz Polarization Rotators
Crystalline Quartz Polarization Rotators yog ib qho siv lead ua ntawm quartz uas tig lub polarization ntawm qhov teeb meem lub teeb ywj pheej ntawm kev sib dhos ntawm lub rotator thiab lub teeb polarization. Vim yog kev sib hloov ntawm ntuj quartz siv lead ua, nws kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua polarization rotators kom lub dav hlau ntawm input linearly polarized beam yuav tig ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse tshwj xeeb uas txiav txim siab los ntawm lub thickness ntawm quartz siv lead ua. Sab laug thiab sab xis rotators tuaj yeem muab los ntawm peb tam sim no. Vim tias lawv tig lub dav hlau polarization los ntawm ib lub kaum ntse ntse, Crystalline Quartz Polarization Rotators yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo rau yoj daim hlau thiab tuaj yeem siv los tig tag nrho cov polarization ntawm lub teeb raws li qhov kho qhov muag axis, tsis yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub teeb. Cov kev taw qhia ntawm propagation ntawm teeb meem teeb meem yuav tsum yog perpendicular mus rau lub rotator.
Paralight Optics muaj Achromatic Wave Phaj, Super Achromatic Wave Phaj, Cemented Zero Order Wave Phaj, Optically Hu Zero Order Wave Phaj, Air-Spaced Zero Order Wave Phaj, True Zero Order Wave Phaj, Ib Phaj Siab Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwj Hwjchim, Muaj ntau yam kev txiav txim Wave daim hlau. , Dual Wavelength Wave Phaj, Zero Order Dual Wavelength Wave Phaj, Telecom Wave Phaj, Nruab Nrab IR Zero Order Wave Phaj, Fresnel Rhomb Retarders, Ring Holders rau Wave Phaj, thiab Quartz Polarization Rotators.
Wave Phaj
Yog xav paub ntau ntxiv txog polarization optics lossis tau txais ib qho kev tsocai, thov hu rau peb.
