Nd:YVO4
Nd:YVO4 crystal is one of the most efficient laser host crystal currently existing for diode laser pumped solid state lasers. Its large stimulated emission cross-section at lasing wavelength, high absorption coefficient and wide absorption bandwidth at pump wavelength, high laser induced damage threshold as well as good physical, optical and mechanical properties make Nd:YVO4 an excellent crystal for high power, stable and cost effective diode pumped solid-state lasers.
Features and Applications
★ Low lasing threshold and high slope efficiency
★ Low dependency on pump wavelength
★ Large stimulated emission cross-section at lasing wavelength
★ High absorption over a wide pumping wavelength bandwidth
★ Optically uniaxial and large birefringence emits polarized laser
★ For Single-longitudinal-mode output and compact design
★ Diode laser-pumped Nd:YVO4 compact laser and its frequency-doubled green, red or blue laser will be the ideal laser tools of machining, material processing, spectroscopy, wafer inspection, light show, medical diagnostics, laser printing and other most widespread applications
Physical Properties
| Atomic Density | ~1.37x1020 atoms/cm3 |
| Crystal Structure | Zircon Tetragonal, space group D4h |
| a=b=7.12, c=6.29 | |
| Density | 4.22 g/cm3 |
| Mohs Hardness | Glass-like, ~5 |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | a=4.43x10-6/K, c=11.37x10-6/K |
Optical Properties
(typically for 1.1 atm% Nd:YVO4, a-cut crystals)
| Lasing Wavelengths | 914nm, 1064nm, 1342nm |
| Thermal Optical Coefficient | dna/dT=8.5x10-6/K, dnc/dT=3.0x10-6/K |
| Stimulated Emission Cross-Section | 25.0x10-19cm2@1064nm |
| Fluorescent Lifetime | 90us @808nm, (50us @808 nm for 2atm% Nd doped) |
| Absorption Coefficient | 31.4 cm-1@808nm |
| Absorption Length | 0.32 mm @808nm |
| Intrinsic Loss | Less than 0.1% cm-1@1064nm |
| Gain Bandwidth | 0.96 nm (257 GHz) @1064nm |
| Polarized Laser Emission | p polarization, Parallel to optic axis (c-axis) |
| Diode Pumped Optical to Optical Efficiency | >60% |
| Crystal Class | Positive uniaxial, no=na=nb, ne=nc, no=1.9573, ne=2.1652, @1064nm no=1.9721, ne=2.1858, @808nm no=2.0210, ne=2.2560, @532nm |
| Sellmeier Equation(for pure YVO4 crystals, λ in um) | no2=3.77834+0.069736/(λ2-0.04724)-0.0108133λ2 ne2=4.59905+0.110534/(λ2-0.04813)-0.0122676λ2 |
Laser Properties
(Nd:YVO4 vs Nd:YAG)
| Laser Crystal | Nd doped | σ | α | τ | La | Pth | η |
| (atm%) | (x10-19cm2) | (cm-1) | (cm-1) | (mm) | (mW) | ( %) | |
| Nd:YVO4(a-cut) | 1.1 | 25 | 31.2 | 90 | 0.32 | 78 | 48.6 |
| 2 | 72.4 | 50 | 0.14 | ||||
| Nd:YVO4(c-cut) | 1.1 | 7 | 9.2 | 90 | 231 | 45.5 | |
| Nd:YAG | 0.85 | 6 | 7.1 | 230 | 1.41 | 115 | 38.6 |
Key Specifications
| Parameters | Ranges or Tolerances |
| Nd Dopant Level | 0.1-5.0 at m% |
| Scattering | Invisible, probed with a He-Ne laser |
| Orientation Tolerance | ± 0.5 deg |
| Dimensional Tolerance | ± 0.1 mm |
| Surface Quality (Scratch-Dig) | 10-5 |
| Clear Aperture | > 90% |
| Surface Flatness | < λ/10 @ 633 nm |
| Wavefront Error | < λ/8 @ 633 nm |
| Parallelism | < 10 arcsec |
| End-faces Configuration | Plano / Plano |
| Intrinsic Loss | < 0.1%cm-1 |
| Coatings | AR 1064 & HT 808: R < 0.1% @1064nm, R<5% @ 808nm HR 1064 & HT 808 & HR 532: R>99.8% @1064nm, R<5% @ 808nm, r="">99% @ 532nm AR 1064: R<0.1% @ 1064nm |
For more information on other type of crystal such as Nonlinear Crystal [BBO (Beta-BaB2O4), Potassium Titanium Oxide Phosphate (KTiOPO4 or KTP)], Passive Q-Switch Crystal [Cr: YAG (Cr4+:Y3Al5O12)], E-O Crystal [Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3), BBO crystal], Birefringent Crystal [Yttrium Orthovanadate (YVO4), Calcite, Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3), High Temperature Form BBO (α-BaB2O4), Single Synthetic Crystal Quartz, Magnesium Fluoride (MgF2)] or get a quote, please feel free to contact us.
