⊙Aberration
Muri optique, inenge ya sisitemu ya lens itera ishusho yayo gutandukana namategeko ya paraxial.
- Aberration
Iyo imirasire yumucyo igaragazwa nubuso bugaragara, imirasire yo hagati yibanda kumurongo utandukanye nindorerwamo kuruta (parallel).Muri telesikopi ya Newtonian, indorerwamo za paraboloidal zikoreshwa, kuko zibanda ku mirasire ibangikanye ku ngingo imwe.Ariko, indorerwamo za paraboloidal zirwara koma.
- Chromatic aberration
Uku gukuramo ibisubizo biva mumabara atandukanye aje kwibanda kubintu bitandukanye.Lens zose zifite urwego runaka rwa chromatic aberration.Lens ya Achromatic irimo byibura amabara abiri aje kwibandaho.Inzitizi ya Achromatic isanzwe ikosorwa kugirango igire icyatsi, kandi umutuku cyangwa ubururu biza kwibandaho, birengagije violet.Ibi biganisha kuri ayo mabara ya violet cyangwa ubururu buzengurutse Vega cyangwa ukwezi, kuko amabara yicyatsi n umutuku aje kwibanda, ariko kubera ko violet cyangwa ubururu atariyo, ayo mabara ntabwo yibanze kandi arahuzagurika.
- Koma
Ibi ni off-axis aberration, ni ukuvuga gusa ibintu (kubwintego zacu, inyenyeri) bitari hagati yishusho bigira ingaruka.Imirasire yumucyo yinjira muri sisitemu ya optique kure yuruhande rwagati yibanda kumpande zitandukanye ugereranije nizinjira muri sisitemu ya optique cyangwa hafi ya optique.Ibi bivamo ishusho isa na comet ikorwa kure yishusho.
- Umwanya wo kugabanuka
Umwanya uvugwa mubyukuri ni indege yibanze, cyangwa indege yibanda kubikoresho byiza.Ku gufotora, iyi ndege mubyukuri ni planari (iringaniye), ariko sisitemu zimwe za optique zitanga indege zigoramye.Mubyukuri, telesikopi nyinshi zifite urwego runaka rwo kugabanuka.Rimwe na rimwe byitwa Petzval Field Curvature, nkindege aho ishusho igwa yitwa Petzval hejuru.Mubisanzwe, iyo bivuzwe nka aberration, kugabanuka kugendana hejuru yishusho, cyangwa kuzunguruka bijyanye na optique.
- Kugoreka - ingunguru
Ubwiyongere bwo gukura kuva hagati kugera kumpera yishusho.A kare irangira isa neza, cyangwa ingunguru-isa.
- Kugoreka - pincushiond
Kugabanuka gukuza kuva hagati kugeza kumpera yishusho.Ikibanza kirangira gisa nkicyuma, nka pincushion.
- Umuzimu
Mubyukuri projection ya hanze-yumurima ishusho cyangwa urumuri murwego rwo kureba.Mubisanzwe gusa ikibazo hamwe na Baffled ijisho ryibintu nibintu byiza.
- Impyiko
Televiziyo itazwi 12mm Nagler Ubwoko bwa 2 ikibazo.Niba ijisho ryawe ridahuje neza na LENS FIELD, kandi perpendicular kuri optique, igice cyishusho gifite ibishyimbo byumukara byirabura bikumira igice cyawe.
⊙Achromat
Lens igizwe nibintu bibiri cyangwa byinshi, mubisanzwe ikamba hamwe nikirahure cya flint, byakosowe kugirango aberrasi ya chromatic yerekeranye nuburebure bubiri bwatoranijwe.Azwi kandi nka lens ya acromatic.
⊙Kurwanya-kwigaragaza
Igice gito cyibikoresho byashyizwe kumurongo kugirango ugabanye ingufu zigaragara.
⊙Asfherical
Ntabwo ari serefegitura;ikintu cyiza gifite ubuso bumwe cyangwa bwinshi butagaragara.Ubuso bwa serefegitura ya lens irashobora guhinduka gato kugirango bigabanye aberrasi.
⊙Astigmatism
A lens aberration itera indege ya tangential na sagittal ishusho itandukanijwe muburyo bumwe.Ubu ni uburyo bwihariye bwumurongo uhetamye aho umurima wo kureba uhetamye ukundi kumirasire yumucyo yinjira muri sisitemu muburyo butandukanye.Kubijyanye na optique ya telesikope, ASTIGMATISM iva mu ndorerwamo cyangwa lens ifite uburebure butandukanye bwa FOCAL LENGTH iyo bipimye mucyerekezo kimwe hejuru yindege yishusho, kuruta iyo bipimye perpendicular kuri icyo cyerekezo.
⊙Inyuma yibanze
Intera kuva hejuru yanyuma ya lens kugeza indege yayo.
⊙Amashanyarazi
Igikoresho cyiza cyo kugabanya ibiti mo ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi bitandukanye.
⊙Umuyoboro mugari
Impuzu zifata umurongo mugari ugereranije.
⊙Centration
Ingano yo gutandukana kwa optique ya lens kuva mumashanyarazi yayo.
⊙Indorerwamo ikonje
Akayunguruzo kohereza uburebure bwumurongo mukarere ka infragre (> 700 nm) kandi kigaragaza uburebure bugaragara.
⊙Igikoresho cya dielectric
Igipfundikizo kigizwe no guhinduranya ibice bya firime byerekana urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwangirika no kugabanuka kwangirika.
⊙Gutandukana kugarukira
Umutungo wa sisitemu optique aho ingaruka zo gutandukana gusa zerekana ubwiza bwishusho itanga.
⊙Intego yibanze
Intera kuva kumurongo wingenzi kugera kumurongo.
⊙Umubare
Ikigereranyo cyuburebure buringaniye bwa lens na diameter yumunyeshuri winjira.
⊙FWHM
Ubugari bwuzuye kuri kimwe cya kabiri ntarengwa.
⊙Infrared IR
Uburebure buri hejuru ya 760 nm, butagaragara kumaso.
⊙Laser
Imirasire yumucyo ikomatanya, ihuza, kandi yegeranye cyane.
⊙Laser diode
Diode itanga urumuri rwagenewe gukoresha ibyuka bihumanya kugirango habeho urumuri rwuzuye.
⊙Gukuza
Ikigereranyo cyubunini bwishusho yikintu nikintu.
⊙Igikoresho kinini
Igifuniko kigizwe nibice byinshi byibikoresho bigenda bisimburana hejuru kandi ntoya.
⊙Akayunguruzo katabogamye
Kutagira aho ubogamiye muyunguruzi ihuza, igabanijwe, cyangwa ikomatanya imirishyo mu ntera yagutse ya irradiance kandi ntaho itaniye cyane nuburebure bwumuraba.
⊙Umubare wimibare
Sine yinguni yakozwe na marginal ray ya lens hamwe na optique.
⊙Intego
Ikintu cya optique cyakira urumuri mubintu kandi kigakora ishusho yambere cyangwa yibanze muri telesikopi na microscopes.
⊙Inzira nziza
Umurongo unyura hagati ya centre ya curvatures ya optique yubuso bwa lens.
⊙Igorofa nziza
Igice cyikirahure, pyrex, cyangwa quartz gifite ubuso bumwe cyangwa bwombi hejuru yubutaka bwitondewe hamwe na plano isennye, mubisanzwe iringaniye kugeza munsi ya cumi yuburebure bwumuraba.
⊙Paraxial
Ibiranga isesengura rya optique rigarukira gusa kuri aperture ntoya.
⊙Parfocal
Kugira ingingo yibanze.
⊙Pinhole
Umwobo muto utyaye, ukoreshwa nka aperture cyangwa lens.
⊙Ihindagurika
Imvugo yerekana icyerekezo cyimirongo yumuriro wamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi.
⊙Gutekereza
Garuka imirasire hejuru, nta guhinduka muburebure.
⊙Kuvunika
Kwunama kumirasire yibintu bigenda byiyongera.
⊙Ironderero
Ikigereranyo cyumuvuduko wumucyo mu cyuho n'umuvuduko wurumuri mubintu byangiritse kumuraba watanzwe.
⊙Sag
Uburebure bwumurongo bupimye uhereye kuri chord.
⊙Akayunguruzo
Uburebure bwumurongo bupimye uhereye kuri chord.
⊙Striae
Kudatungana mubirahuri bya optique bigizwe numurongo utandukanye wibintu bisobanutse bifite indangagaciro zinyuranye zivuye mumubiri wikirahure.
⊙Lens
Lens aho ihagarikwa rya aperture iherereye imbere yibanze, bigatuma imirasire yingenzi ihwanye na optique ya optique mumwanya wibishusho;ni ukuvuga, umunyeshuri usohoka ari ntarengwa.
⊙Terefone
Lens ikomatanya yubatswe kuburyo uburebure bwayo muri rusange bungana cyangwa munsi yuburebure bwacyo bwiza.
⊙TIR
Imirasire yimbere imbere kumupaka wikirere / ikirahure kumpande zirenze inguni zikomeye zigaragazwa nuburyo 100% utitaye kumiterere yabyo ya mbere.
⊙Ikwirakwizwa
Muri optique, gutwara ingufu zumucyo binyuze muburyo.
⊙ UV
Agace katagaragara ka specran munsi ya 380 nm.
⊙V Ikoti
Kurwanya-kugaragariza uburebure bwihariye hamwe hafi 0 yo gutekereza, byitwa kubera V-shusho ya scan curve.
⊙Vignetting
Kugabanuka kumurika kure ya optique muri sisitemu ya optique iterwa no gukata imirasire yumurongo wa aperture muri sisitemu.
⊙Imiterere ya Wavefront
Kugenda kwumuraba uva kumurongo mwiza kubera igishushanyo mbonera cyangwa ubwiza bwubuso.
⊙Umuhengeri
Waveplates, izwi kandi nka plaque de retardation, ni birefringent optique yibintu bifite amashoka abiri ya optique, imwe yihuta nimwe itinda.Umuhengeri utanga umusaruro wuzuye, igice- na kimwe cya kane-cyihuta.
⊙Wedge
Ikintu cyiza gifite indege igaragara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-10-2023