Amashanyarazi meza
Prisms ni ikirahure gikomeye cyibirahure byubutaka kandi bisizwe muburyo bwa geometrike kandi muburyo bwiza. Inguni, umwanya, n'umubare w'ubuso bifasha gusobanura ubwoko n'imikorere. Prisms nibice byikirahure cya optique hamwe nuburinganire buringaniye buringaniye buringaniye buringaniye, buri bwoko bwa prism bufite inguni yihariye inzira yumucyo igoramye. Prisms zikoreshwa muguhindura, kuzunguruka, guhinduranya, gukwirakwiza urumuri cyangwa guhindura polarisiyasi yibyabaye. Ni ingirakamaro mu kuzinga sisitemu ya optique cyangwa kuzenguruka amashusho. Prisms irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura no guhindura amashusho bitewe nibisabwa. Kamera ya SLR na binocular byombi bikoresha prism kugirango umenye neza ishusho ubona ku cyerekezo kimwe nikintu. Ikintu kimwe cyingenzi ugomba kuzirikana mugihe uhitamo prism nuko urumuri rugaragaza hejuru yimiterere myinshi muri optique, ibi bivuze ko inzira yinzira ya optique inyuze muri prism ari ndende cyane kuruta uko yaba iri mumirorerwamo.
Hariho ubwoko bune bwibanze bwa prism bushingiye kumirimo itandukanye: prism primaire, gutandukana, cyangwa prism prism, prism primaire, na prima de primaire. Gutandukana, kwimurwa, no kuzunguruka birasanzwe mubishusho byerekana; Gukwirakwiza prism byakozwe muburyo bwo gukwirakwiza urumuri, kubwibyo ntibikwiye kubisabwa byose bisaba amashusho meza. Buri bwoko bwa prism bufite inguni yihariye inzira yumucyo igoramye. Ikintu kimwe cyingenzi ugomba kuzirikana muguhitamo prism nuko urumuri rugaragaza hejuru yimiterere myinshi muri optique, ibi bivuze ko inzira yinzira ya optique ari ndende cyane kuruta uko yaba hamwe nindorerwamo.
Gukwirakwiza Prisms
Ikwirakwizwa rya Prism riterwa na geometrike ya prism hamwe nigitekerezo cyayo cyo gutandukanya umurongo, ukurikije uburebure bwumurongo hamwe nigipimo cyo kugabanuka kwa prism substrate. Inguni yo gutandukana ntarengwa itegeka inguni ntoya hagati y'imirasire y'ibyabaye n'imirasire yanduye. Icyatsi kibisi cyumucyo gitandukana kuruta umutuku, nubururu burenze umutuku nicyatsi; umutuku usobanurwa nka 656.3nm, icyatsi nka 587.6nm, n'ubururu nka 486.1nm.
Gutandukana, Kuzunguruka, no Gusimburwa
Prisms itandukanya inzira yumurasire, kuzenguruka ishusho, cyangwa kwimura gusa ishusho kuva kumurongo wambere ifasha muri sisitemu nyinshi zo gufata amashusho. Gutandukana kw'imirasire bikorwa muburyo bwa 45 °, 60 °, 90 °, na 180 °. Ibi bifasha guhuza ingano ya sisitemu cyangwa guhindura inzira yumurasire bitagize ingaruka kuri sisitemu isigaye. Kuzenguruka prism, nka prism prism, bikoreshwa mukuzenguruka ishusho nyuma yo guhindurwa. Gusimbuza prism bigumana icyerekezo cyinzira yumucyo, nyamara ugahindura isano isanzwe.
