Incamake
Polarisiyasi optique ikoreshwa muguhindura imiterere ya polarisiyasi yimirasire yibyabaye. Amashanyarazi yacu ya polarisiyasi arimo polarizeri, plaque plaque / retarders, depolarizers, rotate ya faraday, hamwe na optique ya optique hejuru ya UV, igaragara, cyangwa IR.
1064 nm Umuyoboro wa Faraday
Ubusa-Umwanya wo kwigunga
Imbaraga Zinshi Nd-YAG Polarizer
Igishushanyo mbonera gikunze kwibanda ku burebure bwumurongo nuburemere bwurumuri, mugihe wirengagije polarisiyasi yacyo. Polarisation, ariko, numutungo wingenzi wumucyo nkumuhengeri. Umucyo ni umuyagankuba wa elegitoroniki, kandi umurima w'amashanyarazi wu muhengeri uranyeganyega ugana icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwizwa. Imiterere ya polarisiyonike isobanura icyerekezo cyo kunyeganyega kwerekeranye nicyerekezo cyo gukwirakwizwa. Umucyo witwa udafite polarize niba icyerekezo cyumurima wamashanyarazi gihindagurika mugihe cyagenwe. Niba icyerekezo cyumuriro wumuriro wumucyo gisobanuwe neza, byitwa urumuri rwa polarize. Inkomoko ikunze kugaragara yumucyo ni laser. Ukurikije uko umurima w'amashanyarazi ugana, dushyira urumuri rwa polarize muburyo butatu bwa polarisiyasi:
Ar Umurongo uhindagurika: guhindagurika no gukwirakwizwa biri mu ndege imwe.Theamashanyarazi yumucyo ucanye urumuri consist ya perpendicular ebyiri, zingana muri amplitude, umurongo ibice bidafite itandukaniro ryicyiciro.Umuriro w'amashanyarazi uva mumurongo ugarukira kumurongo umwe ugana icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwizwa.
Ar Uruziga ruzengurutse: icyerekezo cyumucyo gihinduka mugihe cyigihe. Umuriro w'amashanyarazi wumucyo ugizwe nibice bibiri byumurongo ugereranya perpendicular kuri mugenzi we, bingana na amplitude, ariko bifite itandukaniro ryicyiciro cya π / 2. Umuriro w'amashanyarazi wumucyo uzunguruka muruziga ruzengurutse icyerekezo cyo gukwirakwizwa.
★ Elliptical polarisation: umurima wamashanyarazi wumucyo wa elliptike urumuri rusobanura ellipse, ugereranije nuruziga ukoresheje uruziga. Uyu murima wamashanyarazi urashobora gufatwa nkuguhuza ibice bibiri byumurongo hamwe na amplitude atandukanye na / cyangwa itandukaniro ryicyiciro kitari π / 2. Nibisobanuro rusange byumucyo ufite polarize, kandi uruziga ruzengurutse kandi rugizwe nurumuri rushobora kubonwa nkibihe bidasanzwe byumucyo wa elliptike.
Ibice bibiri bya orthogonal Linear polarisiyasi bikunze kwitwa "S" na "P",bobisobanurwa nicyerekezo cyabo kijyanye nindege yibibaho.Umucyoibyo biranyeganyega bisa niyi ndege ni "P", mugihe urumuri rwa s-polarize rufite umurima w'amashanyarazi polarisike kuri iyi ndege ni "S".Polarizerini ibintu by'ingenzi bya optique yo kugenzura polarisiyasi yawe, kohereza icyifuzo cya polarisiyasi mugihe ugaragaza, ukurura cyangwa utandukanya ibindi. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwubwoko bwa polarizer, buriwese hamwe nibyiza byawo nibibi. Kugirango tugufashe guhitamo polarizeri nziza kubyo usaba, tuzaganira kubisobanuro bya polarizer kimwe nubuyobozi bwo guhitamo polarizeri.
P na S. bisobanurwa nicyerekezo cyabo kijyanye nindege yibibaho
Ibisobanuro bya Polarizer
Polarizeri isobanurwa nibintu bike byingenzi, bimwe muribi byihariye bya polarisiyasi. Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni:
⊙Ihererekanyabubasha: Agaciro kerekeza ku ihererekanyabubasha ry’umucyo utandukanijwe mu cyerekezo cya polarisiyasi, cyangwa ku ihererekanyabubasha ry’urumuri rudafite inkingi binyuze muri polarizeri. Ihererekanyabubasha ni ihererekanyabubasha ry’urumuri rudafite inkingi zinyuze muri polarizeri ebyiri hamwe n’amashoka ya polarisiyasi ihujwe mu buryo bubangikanye, mu gihe ihererekanyabubasha ari ihererekanyabubasha ry’umucyo utabangamiwe binyuze muri polarizeri ebyiri hamwe n’amashoka ya polarisiyasi. Kuburyo bwiza bwa polarizeri yoherejwe yumucyo wumurongo ugereranije nurumuri rwa polarisiyasi ni 100%, ihererekanyabubasha ni 50% naho ihererekanyabubasha ni 0%. Urumuri rudafite inkingi rushobora gufatwa nkurwo rwihuta rutandukanye rwumucyo wa p- na s-polarize. Inzira nziza yumurongo wa polarizeri izohereza gusa imwe mumirongo ibiri yumurongo wa polarizasiyo, igabanye ubukana bwambere butagira inkingi I.0na kimwe cya kabiri, ni ukuvuga,I = I.0/ 2,kubangikanya rero (kumucyo udafite inkingi) ni 50%. Kumucyo ucanye urumuri rufite imbaraga I.0, ubukana bwatanzwe binyuze muri polarizeri nziza, I, nshobora gusobanurwa n amategeko ya Malus, ni ukuvuga,I = I.0cos2Øaho θ ni inguni hagati yibyabaye umurongo ugereranije na polarisiyasi. Turabona ko kuburinganire buringaniye, kwanduza 100% kugerwaho, mugihe kuri 90 ° axe, izwi kandi nka polarizeri yambutse, habaho kwanduza 0%, bityo kwanduza kwambutse ni 0%. Nyamara, mubikorwa-byukuri kwisi kwanduza ntibishobora na rimwe kuba 0% neza, kubwibyo, polarizeri irangwa nigipimo cyo kuzimangana nkuko byasobanuwe hano hepfo, gishobora gukoreshwa mukumenya kwanduza kwukuri binyuze muri polarizeri ebyiri zambutse.
⊙Ikigereranyo cyo Kurimbuka na Impamyabumenyi ya Polarisation: Imiterere ya polarize yumurongo wa polarizer isanzwe isobanurwa nurwego rwa polarisiyasi cyangwa imikorere ya polarisiyasi, ni ukuvuga P = (T1-T2) / (T.1+T2) n'ikigereranyo cyacyo cyo kuzimangana, ni ukuvuga, ρp = T.2/T1aho ihererekanyabubasha ryumucyo ucanye urumuri runyuze muri polarizer ni T1 na T2. T1 ni ihererekanyabubasha ryinshi rinyuze muri polarizeri kandi ribaho mugihe ihererekanyabubasha rya polarizeri rihwanye na polarisiyasi yibyabaye umurongo wa polarize; T2 ni ihererekanyabubasha rinyuze muri polarizeri kandi ibaho mugihe ihererekanyabubasha rya polarizeri ari perpendicular kuri polarisiyasi yibyabaye umurongo wa polarize.
Imikorere yo kuzimangana kumurongo wa polarizer ikunze kugaragazwa nka 1 / ρp: 1. Iyi parameter iri hagati yi munsi ya 100: 1 (bivuze ko ufite inshuro 100 zohereza urumuri rwa P polarize kurusha urumuri rwa S polarize) kumpapuro zubukungu za polarizeri kugeza 106: 1 kubwiza bwo hejuru birefringent kristaline polarizeri. Ikigereranyo cyo kuzimangana mubisanzwe gitandukana nuburebure bwumurongo hamwe nibyabaye kandi bigomba gusuzumwa hamwe nibindi bintu nkigiciro, ingano, hamwe nogukwirakwiza polarisiyasi kubisabwa runaka. Usibye igipimo cyo kuzimangana, turashobora gupima imikorere ya polarizer turanga imikorere. Urwego rwo gukora neza rwitwa "itandukaniro", iri gereranya rikoreshwa mugihe usuzumye urumuri ruke aho igihombo gikomeye ari ingenzi.
⊙Inguni yo kwakirwa: Inguni yo kwemererwa ni yo nini itandukana kuva igishushanyo mbonera aho polarizer izakomeza gukora mubisobanuro. Polarizeri nyinshi zagenewe gukora ku mpande ya 0 ° cyangwa 45 °, cyangwa kuri Brewster. Inguni yo kwemererwa ningirakamaro muguhuza ariko ifite akamaro kanini mugihe ikorana nibiti bitavanze. Imiyoboro ya gride na dichroic polarizers ifite impande nini zo kwemerwa, kugeza impande zose zemewe zingana na 90 °.
⊙Ubwubatsi: Polarizeri iza muburyo bwinshi no mubishushanyo. Filime yoroheje ya polarizeri ni firime yoroheje isa na optique ya filteri. Amashanyarazi ya plaque yamashanyarazi aroroshye, isahani iringaniye ishyizwe kumurongo. Polarizing cube beamsplitters igizwe na prima ebyiri iburyo zifatanije hamwe kuri hypotenuse.
Birefringent polarizers igizwe na prima ebyiri za kristaline zishyizwe hamwe, aho inguni ya prism igenwa nigishushanyo cyihariye cya polarizer.
⊙Aperture isobanutse: Aperture isobanutse mubisanzwe irabuza cyane polarizers ya birefringent kuko kuboneka kwa kristu nziza ituma ingano yizo polarizeri. Dichroic polarizers ifite nini nini iboneka neza nkuko ibihimbano byayo bitanga ubunini bunini.
⊙Uburebure bw'inzira nziza: Uburebure burebure bugomba kunyura muri polarizer. Ningirakamaro yo gutatanya, kwangiza imbibi, hamwe nimbogamizi zumwanya, uburebure bwinzira ya optique burashobora kuba ingirakamaro muri polarizeri ya birefringent ariko mubisanzwe ni mugufi muri polarizeri ebyiri.
⊙Umubare w’ibyangiritse: Urutonde rwangirika rwa laser rugenwa nibikoresho byakoreshejwe kimwe nigishushanyo mbonera cya polarizer, hamwe na polarizeri ya birefringent mubisanzwe ifite ibyangiritse cyane. Isima ni ikintu cyoroshye cyane kwangirika kwa laser, niyo mpamvu uhuye neza na beamplitters cyangwa ikirere kiri hagati ya polarizeri ifite ikirere cyangiritse cyane.
Igitabo cyo Guhitamo Polarizer
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa polarizeri harimo dichroic, cube, gride wire, na kristaline. Nta bwoko bwa polarizer bwaba bwiza kuri buri progaramu, buriwese afite imbaraga nintege nke ze.
Dichroic Polarizers yohereza leta yihariye mugihe ihagarika izindi zose. Ubwubatsi busanzwe bugizwe na substrate imwe isize cyangwa polymer dichroic firime, yashizwemo ibyapa bibiri byikirahure. Iyo igiti gisanzwe cyanyuze mu bintu bibiri, kimwe mu bigize imitekerereze ya orthogonal polarisation ya beam irinjira cyane ikindi igasohoka hamwe no kwinjirira intege nke. Urupapuro rwa dichroic polarizer rushobora gukoreshwa kugirango uhindure urumuri rudasanzwe mu buryo butandukanye. Ugereranije na polarisime prism, urupapuro rwa dicroic polarizer rutanga ubunini bunini kandi buringaniye.Mu gihe uzabona kuzimangana kwinshi kugiciro cyibiciro, ubwubatsi bugabanya imikoreshereze ya lazeri nyinshi cyangwa ubushyuhe bwinshi. Dichroic polarizers iraboneka muburyo butandukanye, uhereye kuri firime ihendutse ya firime kugeza kuri polarizeri itandukanye cyane.
Dichroic polarizers ikurura leta idashaka
Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters ikorwa muguhuza ibice bibiri byiburyo hamwe na hypotenuse. Ipitingi ya polarizing yubatswe muburyo bwo guhinduranya ibice byo hejuru kandi biri hasi byerekana ibikoresho byerekana urumuri rwa S polarize kandi ikohereza P. Igisubizo ni imirishyo ibiri ya orthogonal muburyo bworoshye gushiraho no guhuza. Ipitingi ya polarizing irashobora kwihanganira ingufu nyinshi, icyakora ibifatika bikoreshwa mugushimangira kubishobora kunanirwa. Ubu buryo bwo kunanirwa burashobora kuvaho binyuze muburyo bwiza. Mugihe dusanzwe tubona itandukaniro rinini kumurongo wanduye, itandukaniro ryagaragaye mubisanzwe riri hasi.
Imiyoboro ya gride polarizeri igaragaramo insinga za microscopique kumurongo wikirahure uhitamo kohereza urumuri P-Polarize kandi rukagaragaza urumuri S-Polarize. Kubera imiterere yubukanishi, insinga ya grid polarizers iranga umurongo wumurongo ugarukira gusa mugukwirakwiza insimburangingo bigatuma biba byiza mugukoresha umurongo mugari usaba itandukaniro rinini cyane.
Polarisation perpendicular kuri insinga z'icyuma zanduzwa
Crystalline polarizer yohereza polarisiyasi yifuzwa hanyuma igatandukanya ibisigaye ukoresheje imitungo ya birefringent yibikoresho byabo bya kristu.
Crystalline polarizers ikoresha birefringent yibintu bya substrate kugirango ihindure polarisiyasi yumucyo winjira. Ibikoresho bya Birefringent bifite ibimenyetso bitandukanye byo kugabanuka kumucyo ukabije mubyerekezo bitandukanye bigatuma leta zitandukanye zigenda zinyura mubintu byihuta.
Wollaston polarizeri ni ubwoko bwa kristaline polarizeri igizwe na bibiri birefringent iburyo buringaniye bwa sima hamwe, kuburyo amashoka ya optique ari perpendicular. Mubyongeyeho kwangirika kwinshi kwa kristaline polarizeri ituma biba byiza kubikorwa bya laser.
Wollaston Polarizer
Paralight Optics kumurongo mugari wa polarizeri ikubiyemo Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, Imikorere Yinshi Imiyoboro ibiri PBS, Imbaraga Zikomeye za Cube Beamsplitters, 56 ° Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, 45 ° Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, Dichroic Sheet Polarizers, Nanoparticle Linear Polarizers, Nanoparticle Linear Polarizers, Nanoparticle Linear Polarizers Taylor Polarizers, Glan Laser Polarizers, Glan Thompson Polarizers, Wollaston Polarizers, Rochon Polarizers), Impinduka Zizunguruka Zizunguruka, hamwe na Polarizing Beam Displacers / Combiners.
Laser Line Polarizers
Kubindi bisobanuro birambuye kuri polarisike optique cyangwa kubona amagambo, nyamuneka twandikire.
