Optical Prisms
Prisms yakasimba girazi optics ivhu uye yakakwenenzverwa kuita geometrical uye optically yakakosha zvimiro. Kona, nzvimbo, uye nhamba yenzvimbo inobatsira kutsanangura rudzi uye basa. Prisms mabhuraki egirazi remaziso ane akafuratira akakwenenzverwa nzvimbo pamakona akanyatsodzorwa kune imwe neimwe, imwe neimwe mhando yeprism ine chaiyo kona inokotama nzira yemwenje. Prisms anoshandiswa kutsausa, kutenderera, kutenderedza, kuparadzira mwenje kana kushandura polarization yedanda rechiitiko. Izvo zvinobatsira pakupeta optical masisitimu kana kutenderera mifananidzo. Prisms inogona kushandiswa kushandura uye kudzoreredza mifananidzo zvichienderana nemashandisirwo. Makamera eSLR nemabinoculars ese anoshandisa prisms kuve nechokwadi chemufananidzo waunoona pakatarisana nechinhu. Chinhu chimwe chakakosha kuchengeta mundangariro kana uchisarudza prism ndechekuti danda rinotaridza nzvimbo dzakawanda mukati meoptic, izvi zvinoreva kuti nzira yekuona kureba kuburikidza neprism yakarebesa kupfuura zvayaizove mukati megirazi.
Kune mana emhando huru dzeprism dzinobva pamabasa akasiyana: dispersion prisms, kutsauka, kana prism yekuratidzira, maprism ekutenderera, uye maprism ekutama. Kutsauka, kutama, uye kutenderera prisms zvakajairika mukufungidzira maapplication; dispersion prisms akanyatsogadzirirwa kuparadzira mwenje, saka haana kukodzera chero application inoda mhando mifananidzo. Mhando yega yega yeprism ine kona chaiyo iyo nzira yechiedza inokotama. Chinhu chimwe chakakosha kuchengeta mundangariro kana uchisarudza prism ndechekuti danda rinotaridza nzvimbo dzakawanda mukati meoptic, izvi zvinoreva kuti nzira yekuona yakareba kupfuura zvayaizova negirazi.
Dispersion Prisms
Prism dispersion inotsamira pane geometry yeprism uye index yayo yekuparadzira curve, zvichibva pawavelength uye indekisi yekuramba kweprism substrate. Kona yekutsauka padikidiki inoraira kona diki pakati pemwaranzi wechiitiko nemwaranzi inotapurirwa. The green wavelength yechiedza inotsauka kupfuura tsvuku, uye yebhuruu kupfuura zvese zvitsvuku negirinhi; tsvuku inowanzotsanangurwa se 656.3nm, yegirini se 587.6nm, uye yebhuruu se 486.1nm.
Kutsauka, Kutenderera, uye Kutamisa Prisms
Maprismu anotsausa nzira yemwaranzi, kutenderedza mufananidzo, kana kungobvisa mufananidzo kubva muakisi yawo yepakutanga anobatsira mune akawanda ekufungidzira masisitimu. Kutsauka kweRay kunowanzoitwa pamakona e45°, 60°, 90°, uye 180°. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzikamisa saizi yehurongwa kana kugadzirisa nzira yeray pasina kukanganisa iyo yese setup system. Maprism anotenderedzwa, semaprism enjiva, anoshandiswa kutenderedza mufananidzo mushure mekunge watenderedzwa. Displacement prisms inochengetedza gwara renzira yeray, asi gadzirisa hukama hwayo kune yakajairwa.
