1) Kenyelletso ea Infrared Optics
Infrared Optics e sebelisoa ho bokella, ho tsepamisa kapa ho kopanya leseli sebakeng sa leqhubu le pakeng tsa 760 le 14,000 nm. Karolo ena ea mahlaseli a IR e arotsoe hape ka mekhahlelo e mene e fapaneng ea spectral:
| Haufi le sebaka sa Infrared (NIR) | 700 - 900 nm |
| Leqhubu le Lekhutšoane la Infrared (SWIR) | 900 - 2300 nm |
| Leqhubu la Mid-Wave Infrared range (MWIR) | 3000 - 5000 nm |
| Long-Wave Infrared range (LWIR) | 8000 - 14000 nm |
2) Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR)
Lisebelisoa tsa SWIR li koahela mefuta e fapaneng ea 900 ho isa ho 2300 nm. Ho fapana le leseli la MWIR le LWIR le hlahisoang ke ntho ka boeona, SWIR e tšoana le leseli le bonahalang ka kutloisiso ea hore li-photon li bonahatsoa kapa li monngoa ke ntho, kahoo e fana ka phapang e hlokahalang bakeng sa litšoantšo tse phahameng. Mehloli ea leseli la tlhaho joalo ka khanya e qalang le mahlaseli a morao (aka nightglow) ke li-emitters tse joalo tsa SWIR 'me li fana ka leseli le letle bakeng sa litšoantšo tsa kantle bosiu.
Lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tse nang le mathata kapa tse sa khoneheng ho sebelisoa ka leseli le bonahalang li ka khoneha ka SWIR. Ha u nka setšoantšo ho SWIR, mouoane oa metsi, mosi oa mollo, moholi, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse kang silicon li pepeneneng. Ho feta moo, mebala e shebahalang e batla e ts'oana ho tse bonahalang e ka aroloa habonolo ho sebelisoa SWIR.
Ho nka litšoantšo ka SWIR ho sebelisetsoa merero e mengata joalo ka boto ea elektroniki le tlhahlobo ea lisele tsa letsatsi, tlhahlobo ea tlhahiso, ho khetholla le ho hlopha, ho lebela, ho thibela ho qhekella, ho laola boleng ba tšebetso le tse ling.
3) Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR)
Sistimi ea MWIR e sebetsa ho 3 ho isa ho 5 micron range. Ha u etsa qeto lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tsa MWIR le LWIR, motho o tlameha ho ela hloko lintlha tse 'maloa. Taba ea pele, likarolo tsa sepakapaka tsa lehae joalo ka mongobo le moholi li tlameha ho nahanoa. Litsamaiso tsa MWIR ha li amehe haholo ke mongobo ho feta lits'ebetso tsa LWIR, kahoo li phahametse lits'ebetso tse kang ho lebela lebopong la leoatle, ho lebela sephethephethe sa likepe kapa ts'ireletso ea boema-kepe.
MWIR e na le phetiso e kholo ea sepakapaka ho feta LWIR maemong a mangata a leholimo. Ka hona, MWIR hangata e ratoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa ho beha leihlo nako e telele tse fetang 10 km ho tloha sebakeng seo.
Ho feta moo, MWIR le eona ke khetho e ntle haeba u batla ho bona lintho tsa mocheso o phahameng joalo ka likoloi, lifofane kapa limisaele. Setšoantšong se ka tlase motho a ka bona hore liphaephe tse chesang tse chesang li bonahala haholo ho MWIR ho feta LWIR.
4) Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR)
Litsamaiso tsa LWIR li sebetsa ho 8 ho isa ho 14 micron range. Li khethoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse nang le lintho tse haufi le mocheso oa kamore. Likh'amera tsa LWIR ha li amehe haholo ke letsatsi mme ka hona li molemo bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea kantle. Hangata ke litsamaiso tse sa tsitsang tse sebelisang Focal Plane Array microbolometers, leha lik'hamera tse pholileng tsa LWIR li teng hape 'me li sebelisa li-detectors tsa Mercury Cadmium Tellurium (MCT). Ka lehlakoreng le leng, boholo ba lik'hamera tsa MWIR li hloka ho pholile, li sebelisa naetrojene ea metsi kapa "Stirling cycle cooler".
Sistimi ea LWIR e fumana lits'ebetso tse ngata tse joalo ka tlhahlobo ea meaho le meaho, ho lemoha mefokolo, ho bona khase le tse ling. Likh'amera tsa LWIR li phethile karolo ea bohlokoa nakong ea seoa sa COVID-19 kaha li lumella ho lekanya mocheso oa 'mele o potlakileng le o nepahetseng.
5) Tataiso ea Khetho ea IR Substrates
Lisebelisoa tsa IR li na le thepa e ikhethang e li lumellang hore li sebetse hantle maboneng a infrared. IR Fused Silica, Germanium, Silicon, Sapphire, le Zinc Sulfide/Selenide, e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e na le matla bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa infrared.
Zinc Selenide (ZnSe)
Zinc selenide ke motsoako o mosehla o bobebe, o tiileng o nang le zinki le selenium. E entsoe ka motsoako oa mouoane oa Zinc le khase ea H2 Se, e entsoeng e le maqephe holim'a substrate ea graphite. E tsebahala ka sekhahla sa eona sa ho monya se tlase mme se lumellang ts'ebeliso e ntle bakeng sa li-lasers tsa CO2.
| Optimum Transmission Range | Likopo tse Ntle |
| 0.6 - 16μm | CO2 lasers le thermometry le spectroscopy, lilense, lifensetere, le litsamaiso tsa FLIR |
Jeremane (Ge)
Germanium e na le ponahalo e lefifi ea mosi e boputsoa e nang le index ea refractive ea 4.024 e nang le phallo e tlase ea optical. E na le boima bo bongata bo nang le Knoop Hardness (kg/mm2): 780.00 e e lumellang ho sebetsa hantle bakeng sa li-optics tsa masimong maemong a matsutla.
| Optimum Transmission Range | Likopo tse Ntle |
| 2 - 16μm | LWIR - MWIR Thermal imaging (ha AR e koahetsoe), maemo a mahlo a matsutla |
silicon (S)
Silicon e na le ponahalo ea boputsoa bo boputsoa e nang le matla a phahameng a mocheso a etsang hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa liipone tsa laser le li-wafers tsa silicon bakeng sa indasteri ea semiconductor. E na le index ea refractive ea 3.42. Likarolo tsa silicon li sebelisoa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki ke hobane maqhubu a eona a motlakase a ka feta ka li-conductors tsa silicon kapele haholo ha a bapisoa le li-conductors tse ling, ha a teteane ho feta Ge kapa ZnSe. Ho khothaletsoa ho roala ka AR bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata.
| Optimum Transmission Range | Likopo tse Ntle |
| 1.2 - 8μm | MWIR, NIR imaging, IR spectroscopy, litsamaiso tsa ho lemoha tsa MWIR |
Zinc Sulfidi (ZnS)
Zinc Sulfide ke khetho e ntle haholo bakeng sa lisensara tsa infrared tseo e li fetisang hantle ho IR le spectrum e bonahalang. Hangata ke khetho e theko e boima ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling tsa IR.
| Optimum Transmission Range | Likopo tse Ntle |
| 0.6 - 18μm | LWIR - MWIR, li-sensor tsa infrared tse bonahalang le tse bohareng ba maqhubu kapa tse telele |
Khetho ea hau ea substrate le anti-reflection coating e tla ipapisa le hore na wavelength e hloka phetisetso ea mantlha ts'ebelisong ea hau. Mohlala, haeba o fetisa leseli la IR sebakeng sa MWIR, germanium e kanna ea ba khetho e ntle. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa NIR, safire e kanna ea ba e loketseng.
Litlhaloso tse ling tseo u ka ratang ho li ela hloko khethong ea hau ea infrared optics li kenyelletsa thepa ea mocheso le index of refraction. Lintho tse futhumatsang tsa substrate li lekanya hore na e sebetsana joang le mocheso. Hangata, likarolo tsa infrared optical li tla pepesehela mocheso o fapaneng haholo. Lisebelisoa tse ling tsa IR li boetse li hlahisa mocheso o mongata. Ho fumana hore na IR substrate e loketse kopo ea hau u tla batla ho hlahloba index gradient le coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Haeba substrate e fanoeng e na le index e phahameng ea likhahla, e kanna ea ba le ts'ebetso e tlase ea optical ha e sebelisoa maemong a feto-fetohang a mocheso. Haeba e na le CTE e phahameng, e ka 'na ea atoloha kapa ea konteraka ka tekanyo e phahameng ka lebaka la phetoho e kholo ea mocheso. Lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang hangata ho infrared optics li fapana haholo ho index of refraction. Ka mohlala, Germannium e na le index of refraction of 4.0003, bapisoa le 1.413 bakeng sa MgF. Ho fumaneha ha li-substrates tse nang le mefuta ena e mengata ea index of refraction ho fana ka phetoho e eketsehileng moralong oa sistimi. Ho hasana ha thepa ea IR ho lekanya phetoho ea index of wavelength mabapi le wavelength hammoho le chromatic aberration, kapa karohano ea wavelength. Phatlalatso e lekanyetsoa, ka mokhoa o fapaneng, le nomoro ea Abbe, e hlalosoang e le karo-karolelano ea index ea refractive ho d wavelength ho tlosa 1, ho feta phapang pakeng tsa index of refraction ho f le c line. Haeba substrate e na le palo ea Abbe e kholo ho feta 55, ha e qhalane 'me re e bitsa thepa ea moqhaka. Li-substrates tse ngata tse qhalakaneng tse nang le linomoro tsa Abbe tse ka tlase ho 55 li bitsoa lisebelisoa tsa lejoe la majoe.
Lisebelisoa tsa Infrared Optics
Lisebelisoa tsa infrared optics li na le lits'ebetso libakeng tse ngata, ho tloha ho li-lasers tsa CO2 tse nang le matla a phahameng, tse sebetsang ho 10.6 μm, ho ea ho lik'hamera tsa litšoantšo tse futhumatsang tse bonang bosiu (MWIR le LWIR lihlopha) le litšoantšo tsa IR. Li bohlokoa hape ho spectroscopy, kaha liphetoho tse sebelisoang ho khetholla likhase tse ngata tsa trace li sebakeng se bohareng ba infrared. Re hlahisa laser line optics hammoho le likaroloana tsa infrared tse sebetsang hantle ho feta mefuta e mengata ea wavelength, 'me sehlopha sa rona se nang le phihlelo se ka fana ka tšehetso e feletseng ea moralo le lipuisano.
Paralight Optics e sebelisa mekhoa e mengata e tsoetseng pele ea ho sebetsa e kang Single Point Diamond Turning le CNC polishing ho hlahisa lilense tsa optical tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tse tsoang Silicon, Germanium le Zinc Sulfide tse fumanang lisebelisoa ho lik'hamera tsa MWIR le LWIR. Re khona ho fihlela lintlha tse nepahetseng ka tlase ho 0.5 fringes PV le ho ba boima ka mefuta e ka tlase ho 10 nm.
Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi, ka kopo sheba ronalethathamo la opticskapa kapa u ikutloe u lokolohile ho ikopanya le rona bakeng sa lintlha tse ling.
Nako ea poso: Apr-25-2023
