⊙Ukugqithiswa
Kwi-Optics, iziphene zenkqubo yelensi ebangela ukuba umfanekiso wayo uphambuke kwimithetho ye-paraxial imagery.
- I-Spherical aberration
Xa imitha yokukhanya ibonakaliswa ngumphezulu ongqukuva, imitha esembindini kanye ijoliswa kumgama owahlukileyo ukusuka kwisipili kune (parallel) imitha.Kwiiteleskopu zaseNewtonian, izibuko ze-paraboloidal zisetyenziswa, njengoko zigxininisa yonke imitha ehambelanayo ukuya kwindawo efanayo.Nangona kunjalo, izibuko ze-paraboloidal zinengxaki ye-coma.
- I-chromatic aberration
Oku kuphambuka kuphumela kwimibala eyahlukeneyo eza kugxila kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.Zonke iilensi zineqondo elithile lokuphambuka kwechromatic.Iilensi zeAchromatic zibandakanya ubuncinci imibala emibini eza kugxininiso olufanayo.I-Achromatic refractors idla ngokulungiswa ukuba ibe eluhlaza, kwaye nokuba ibomvu okanye ibhlowu iza kujoliso oluqhelekileyo, ingahoywa i-violet.Oku kukhokelela kwezo zikhanyiso eziqaqambileyo okanye eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezijikeleze iVega okanye inyanga, njengoko imibala eluhlaza kunye nobomvu iza kugxila, kodwa ekubeni i-violet okanye iblue ingekho, loo mibala ayigxilwanga kwaye imfiliba.
- Ikoma
Le yi-off-axis aberration, oko kukuthi, kuphela izinto (ngeenjongo zethu, iinkwenkwezi) ezingekho embindini womfanekiso ezichaphazelekayo.Imitha yokukhanya engena kwindlela yokubona kude ukusuka embindini kwi-engile igxininise kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunezo zingena kwi-optical system okanye kufuphi ne-optical axis.Oku kubangela ukuba kumiswe umfanekiso ofana ne-comet kude nombindi womfanekiso.
- Igophe lommandla
Intsimi ekuthethwa ngayo yinqwelo-moya ekugxilwe kuyo, okanye inqwelomoya ekugxilwe kuyo isixhobo sokubona.Ukufota, le nqwelomoya eneneni iplani (iflethi), kodwa ezinye iisistim zamehlo zinika iinqwelomoya ezigobileyo.Ngapha koko, uninzi lweeteleskopu zinenqanaba elithile lokugoba kwentsimi.Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yiPetzval Field Curvature, njengoko inqwelomoya iwela kuyo umfanekiso ibizwa ngokuba ngumphezulu wePetzval.Ngesiqhelo, xa kubhekiselwa kuko njenge-aberration, igophe liyangqinelana kuwo wonke umfanekiso, okanye ngokujikeleza i-symmetric malunga ne-optical axis.
- Ukuphazamiseka - umgqomo
Ukwanda kokukhulisa ukusuka embindini ukuya kumda womfanekiso.Isikwere siphela sibonakala sidumbile, okanye sifana nomphanda.
- Ukuphazamiseka - pincushiond
Ukuncipha kokukhulisa ukusuka embindini ukuya kumda womfanekiso.Isikwere siphela sijongeka sipinkiwe, njengepinki.
- Umoya
Ngokusisiseko intelekelelo yomfanekiso ongaphandle kwebala okanye ukukhanya kwindawo yokujonga.Ngokuqhelekileyo yingxaki kuphela enamehlo aBaffled kakubi kunye nezinto eziqaqambileyo.
- Impembelelo yezintso
Ingxaki yeTelevue eyi-12mm yeNagler Type 2 edumileyo.Ukuba iliso lakho alikho ncam embindini we-FIELD LENS, kwaye i-perpendicular kwi-optical axis, inxalenye yomfanekiso inembotyi yezintso ezimnyama evalela inxalenye yembono yakho.
⊙Achromat
Ilensi equlathe izinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, ngokwesiqhelo isithsaba kunye neglasi yelitye lenyengane, elungiswe ukuphambuka kwechromatic ngokubhekiselele kumaza amabini akhethiweyo.Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-achromatic lens.
⊙I-anti-reflection coating
Umaleko obhityileyo wezinto ezisetyenziswa kumgangatho welensi ukunciphisa umthamo wamandla abonakalisiweyo.
⊙I-Aspherical
Ayingqukuva;into ebonayo enomgangatho omnye okanye ngaphezulu engekho ngqukuva.Umphezulu ongqukuva welensi unokutshintshwa kancinci ukuze kuncitshiswe ukuphaphatheka okungqukuva.
⊙I-Astigmatism
I-lens aberration ekhokelela kwi-tangential kunye ne-sagittal image planes yahlulwe nge-axially.Olu luhlobo oluthile lwe-curvature yentsimi apho intsimi yemboniselo igophe ngokwahlukileyo kwimitha yokukhanya engena kwisixokelelwano kwi-orientation eyahlukileyo.Ngokumalunga netelescope optics, iASTIGMATISM iphuma kwisipili okanye ilens enobude obuncinci beFOCAL LENGTH xa ilinganiswa kwicala elinye ukunqumla inqwelomoya yomfanekiso, kunaxa ilinganiswe ngokuphene ukuya kwelo cala.
⊙Ukujongwa ngasemva
Umgama ukusuka kumphezulu wokugqibela welensi ukuya kwinqwelomoya yomfanekiso wayo.
⊙Beamsplitter
Isixhobo sokwahlula-hlula umqadi ube ngamaplanga amabini okanye ngaphezulu ahlukeneyo.
⊙Ukugquma kweBroadband
Iingubo ezijongene ne-bandwidth ye-spectral ebanzi.
⊙Iziko
Ubungakanani bokutenxa kwi-axis ye-optical ye-lens ukusuka kwi-axis yayo yomatshini.
⊙Isipili esibandayo
Izihluzi ezihambisa amaza obude kummandla we-infrared spectral (> 700 nm) kwaye zibonisa ubude obubonakalayo.
⊙Ukwaleka kweDielectric
Ukugquma okubandakanya iileya ezitshintshanayo zeefilimu zesalathisi esiphezulu se-refractive kunye ne-refractive index.
⊙Ukwahluka kulinganiselwe
Ipropathi yenkqubo yokukhanya apho kuphela iimpembelelo zokuphazamiseka zigqiba umgangatho womfanekiso owuvelisayo.
⊙Ujoliso olusebenzayo
Umgama ukusuka kwindawo ephambili ukuya kwindawo ekugxilwe kuyo.
⊙F inombolo
Umyinge wojoliso olulinganayo lobude belensi ukuya kububanzi bomfundi wokungena.
⊙FWHM
Ububanzi obupheleleyo kwisiqingatha esiphezulu.
⊙I-infrared IR
I-Wavelength ngaphezu kwe-760 nm, engabonakaliyo emehlweni.
⊙ILaser
Iimitha ezibukhali zokukhanya ezi-monochromatic, ezihambelanayo, kwaye zidibene kakhulu.
⊙I-Laser diode
I-diode ekhupha ukukhanya eyenzelwe ukusebenzisa ukukhutshwa okuvuselelweyo ukwenza ukukhutshwa kokukhanya okuhambelanayo.
⊙Ukwandiswa
Umlinganiselo wobungakanani bomfanekiso wento kulowo wento.
⊙Multilayer ukutyabeka
Isigqubuthelo esenziwe ngamaleko amaninzi esixhobo esinesalathiso serefractive esiphezulu nesisezantsi.
⊙Isihluzo soxinaniso oluphakathi
Izihluzi zoxinaniso oluphakathi zithomalalisa, zohlula, okanye zidibanise imiqadi kuluhlu olubanzi lwereyishini ye-irradiance ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kubalulekileyo kubude bobude.
⊙I-aperature yamanani
I-sine ye-engile eyenziwe yimitha ye-marginal ye-lens kunye ne-optical axis.
⊙Injongo
I-element optical efumana ukukhanya kwinto kwaye yenza umfanekiso wokuqala okanye ophambili kwiiteleskopu kunye ne-microscopes.
⊙Umgca we-Optical
Umgca odlula kuzo zombini iziko lee-curvatures zeendawo ezibonakalayo ze-lens.
⊙Iflethi yokukhanya
Iqhekeza leglasi, ipyrex, okanye iquartz enomgangatho omnye okanye yomibini enomgangatho ophantsi ngononophelo kunye neplano epolishiweyo, ngokubanzi ithe tyaba ukuya ngaphantsi kweshumi lobude bobude.
⊙IParaxial
Uphawu lohlalutyo lwe-optical olulinganiselwe kwimingxuma emincinci ngokungenasiphelo.
⊙I-Parfocal
Ukuba neendawo ezihambelanayo ekugxilwe kuzo.
⊙Umngxuma wokuqhafaza
Umngxuma omncinci obukhali, osetyenziswa njengendawo yokuvula okanye i-lens yamehlo.
⊙Ipolarization
Ukubonakaliswa kokuqhelaniswa kwemigca yombane ojikelezayo kwindawo ye-electromagnetic.
⊙Ukucamngca
Ukubuyiswa kwemitha ngomphezulu, ngaphandle kokutshintsha kobude bobude.
⊙Ukuphindaphinda
Ukugotywa kwemitha yesiganeko esisityebi njengoko bedlula kwindawo ephakathi.
⊙Isalathiso sokuqhafaza
Umlinganiselo wesantya sokukhanya kwi-vacuum ukuya kwisantya sokukhanya kwi-refractive material yobude obunikiweyo.
⊙Sag
Ukuphakama kwegophe kulinganiswe ukusuka kwichord.
⊙Isihluzi sesithuba
Ukuphakama kwegophe kulinganiswe ukusuka kwichord.
⊙Striae
Ukungafezeki kwiglasi ebonayo equlathe uluhlu olwahlukileyo lwemathiriyeli ekhanyelayo enesalathiso serefractive esahluke kancinane kumzimba weglasi.
⊙Ilensi yocingo
I-lens apho i-aperture stop ibekwe kwindawo ekugxilwe kuyo ngaphambili, okubangela ukuba imitha eyintloko ihambelane ne-optical axis kwisithuba somfanekiso;okt, umfundi ophumayo ukwi infinity.
⊙Telephoto
Ilensi ekhompawundi yakhiwe kangangokuba ubude bayo bubonke bulingana okanye bungaphantsi kobude bayo obusebenzayo.
⊙TIR
Imisebe yenzeke ngaphakathi kumda womoya / weglasi kwii-angles ezinkulu kune-angle ebalulekileyo ibonakaliswe nge-100% esebenzayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba injani imeko yabo yokuqala.
⊙Ugqithiso
Kwi-optics, ukuqhuba kwamandla akhazimlayo ngokusebenzisa i-medium.
⊙ UV
Ummandla ongabonakaliyo we-spectrum ongaphantsi kwe-380 nm.
⊙V Coat
I-anti-reflection yobude obuthile obuphantse bube ngu-0 ukubonakalisa, okubizwa njalo ngenxa ye-V-shape yejiko lokuskena.
⊙Vignetting
Ukuncipha kokukhanya kude ne-optical axis kwisixokelelwano sokukhanya okubangelwa kukunqunyulwa kwemitha ye-off-axis ngemingxuma kwinkqubo.
⊙Wavefront deformation
Ukuhamba komphambili wamaza ukusuka kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo ngenxa yokusikelwa umda koyilo okanye umgangatho womphezulu.
⊙Icwecwe lamaza
I-Waveplates, ekwaziwa njengeepleyiti zokubuyiswa, zizinto ezibonakalayo eziphindwe kabini ezineezembe ezimbini ze-optic, enye iyakhawuleza kwaye enye iyacotha.Iiplates zamaza zivelisa ukuncipha kwamaza ngokupheleleyo, isiqingatha kunye nekota.
⊙Wedge
Isixhobo sokubona esinemigangatho ethambekele kwindiza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-10-2023