Ukucaciswa kwe-Optical kusetyenziswa kulo lonke uyilo kunye nokuveliswa kwecandelo okanye inkqubo ukubonisa indlela ehlangabezana ngayo neemfuno ezithile zokusebenza.Ziluncedo ngenxa yezizathu ezibini: okokuqala, zichaza imida eyamkelekileyo yeeparamitha eziphambili ezilawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo;okwesibini, bachaza ubungakanani bemithombo (oko kukuthi ixesha kunye neendleko) ekufuneka zichithwe kwimveliso.Isixokelelwano samehlo sinokuchaphazeleka nokuba kukungacaciswa kakuhle okanye ukucaciswa ngokugqithisileyo, zombini ezo zinokukhokelela kwinkcitho engeyomfuneko yezibonelelo.IParalight Optics ibonelela ngee-optics ezingabizi kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho kanye.
Ukufumana ukuqonda okungcono kweenkcukacha ze-optical, kubalulekile ukufunda ukuba zithetha ukuthini.Oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo emfutshane yezona nkcukacha ziqhelekileyo phantse kuzo zonke izinto zamehlo.
IiNgcaciso zeMveliso
Ukunyamezela kwe-Diameter
Ukunyamezela kwedayimitha yecandelo le-optical optical circular kunikeza uluhlu olwamkelekileyo lwamaxabiso obubanzi.Ukunyamezela kwe-diameter ayinayo nayiphi na impembelelo ekusebenzeni kwe-optical ye-optic ngokwayo, nangona kunjalo kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamezela komatshini ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba i-optic iya kufakwa kulo naluphi na uhlobo lomnini.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-diameter ye-lens ebonakalayo iyaphambuka kwixabiso layo eliqhelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-axis yomatshini inokushenxiswa kwi-axis ye-optical kwindibano ephakanyisiweyo, ngaloo ndlela ibangela isithunzi.
Umzobo 1: Ukuthotywa kweCollimated Light
Le nkcazo yokuvelisa inokwahluka ngokusekelwe kwizakhono kunye nobuchule bomenzi othile.I-Paralight Optics inokuvelisa iilensi ukusuka kwi-0.5mm ukuya kwi-500mm, ukunyamezela kunokufikelela kwimida ye-+/-0.001mm.
| Itheyibhile 1: Ukunyamezelwa koMveliso kwiDatamitha | |
| Ukunyamezelwa kweDiameter | IBanga elisemgangathweni |
| +0.00/-0.10 mm | Isiqhelo |
| +0.00/-0.050 mm | Ukuchaneka |
| +0.000/-0.010 | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu |
Unyamezelo lokutyeba kweZiko
Ubukhulu obuphakathi becandelo le-optical component, ubukhulu becala iilensi, bubunzima bezinto ezilinganisiweyo kumbindi.Ubukhulu bombindi bulinganiswa ngapha kwe-axis yoomatshini yelensi, echazwa njenge-axis kanye phakathi kweencam zayo ezingaphandle.Ukwahluka kobukhulu obusembindini belensi kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwamehlo ngenxa yokuba ubukhulu obuphakathi, kunye neradiyasi yokugoba, bumisela ubude bendlela yokukhanya edlula kwilensi.
Umzobo 2: Imizobo ye-CT, ET & FL
| Itheyibhile 2: Ukunyamezelwa koMveliso kuMaziko oMziko | |
| Unyamezelo lokutyeba kwiziko | IBanga elisemgangathweni |
| +/-0.10 mm | Isiqhelo |
| +/-0.050 mm | Ukuchaneka |
| +/-0.010 mm | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu |
Edge Ukutyeba Iivesi Centre Ukutyeba
Ukusuka kule mizekelo ingasentla yemizobo ebonisa ubukhulu beziko, mhlawumbi uqaphele ukuba ubukhulu belensi buyahluka ukusuka emphethweni ukuya kumbindi we-optic.Ngokucacileyo, lo ngumsebenzi weradius ye-curvature kunye ne-sag.I-Plano-convex, i-biconvex kunye ne-positive meniscus lens inobunzima obukhulu kumaziko abo kunasekupheleni.Kwiplano-concave, i-biconcave kunye ne-meniscus lens engalunganga, ubukhulu beziko buhlala buncinci kunobunzima bomphetho.Abaqulunqi be-Optical ngokubanzi bachaza zombini umphetho kunye nobukhulu beziko kwimizobo yabo, ukunyamezela enye yale milinganiso, ngelixa usebenzisa enye njengemilinganiselo yereferensi.Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngaphandle kolunye lwale milinganiselo, akunakwenzeka ukuqaphela imilo yokugqibela yelensi.
Umzobo 3: Imizobo ye-CE, ET, BEF kunye ne-EFL
IWedge / uMphetho woMahluko wokutyeba (ETD)
I-Wedge, ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-ETD okanye i-ETV (i-Edge Thickness Variation), yingcamango ecacileyo yokuqonda malunga noyilo lwe-lens kunye nokwenziwa.Ngokusisiseko, olu lwazi lulawula indlela ehambelana ngayo imiphezulu emibini ye-lens enye kwenye.Naluphi na ulwahlulo olusuka kwi-parallel lunokubangela ukuba ukukhanya okudlulisiweyo kuphambuke endleleni yalo, kuba injongo kukujolisa okanye ukwahlukanisa ukukhanya ngendlela elawulwayo, i-wedge ke ngoko yazisa ukutenxa okungafunekiyo kwindlela yokukhanya.I-Wedge ingacaciswa ngokwemiqathango yokuphambuka kwe-angular (impazamo yokubeka indawo) phakathi kweendawo ezimbini zokuhambisa okanye ukunyamezela komzimba kwi-edge ye-edge yenguqu, oku kubonisa ukungahambi kakuhle phakathi kwee-axes zomatshini kunye ne-optical ye-lens.
Umzobo 4: Impazamo yokubeka umbindi
Sagitta (Sag)
I-Radius ye-curvature inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo ne-Sagitta, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Sag kwimboni ye-optical.Ngokwemigaqo yejometri, i-Sagitta imele umgama ukusuka kwindawo echanekileyo ye-arc ukuya kumbindi wesiseko sayo.Kwi-optics, iSag isebenza nokuba kugophe okanye kwigophe kwaye imele umgama obonakalayo phakathi kwe-vertex (eyona ndawo iphezulu okanye isezantsi) indawo ecaleni kwegophe kunye nendawo esembindini yomgca ozotyiweyo ojikelezayo ukuya kwigophe ukusuka kwelinye icala le-optic ukuya kwigophe. enye.Umfanekiso ongezantsi unikeza umboniso obonakalayo weSag.
Umzobo 5: Imizobo yeSag
I-Sag ibalulekile kuba ibonelela ngendawo esembindini yeradiyasi yokugoba, ngaloo ndlela ivumela abaqulunqi ukuba babeke ngokuchanekileyo iradiyasi kwi-optic, kunye nokuseka zombini iziko kunye nobukhulu bomphetho we-optic.Ngokwazi i-radius ye-curvature, kunye, kunye nobubanzi be-optic, i-Sag ingabalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Apho:
R = iradiyasi yegophe
d = ubukhulu
Irediyasi yeCurvature
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yelensi yiradiyasi yokugoba, iyisiseko kunye neparameter esebenzayo ye-spherical optical surfaces, efuna ukulawula umgangatho ngexesha lokuvelisa.Iradiyasi yokugoba ichazwa njengomgama phakathi kwevertex yecandelo lokukhanya kunye nombindi wokugoba.Inokuba yi-positive, zero, okanye i-negative kuxhomekeke ekubeni umphezulu we-convex, iplano, okanye i-concave, ngentlonipho.
Ukwazi ixabiso leradiyasi ye-curvature kunye nobukhulu beziko kuvumela umntu ukuba anqume ubude bendlela ye-optical edlula kwi-lens okanye isibuko, kodwa ikwadlala indima enkulu ekumiseleni amandla optical optical of the surface, leyo yindlela enamandla ngayo i-optical. inkqubo iyajika okanye iyaphambanisa ukukhanya.Abaqulunqi be-Optical bahlula phakathi kobude obude kunye nobude obufutshane ngokuchaza umthamo wamandla okukhanya kwiilensi zabo.Ubude obufutshane bokujongwa, ezo zigoba ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza kwaye ke ngoko zifikelele ekugxininiseni kumgama omfutshane ukusuka kumbindi welensi kuthiwa zinamandla amakhulu okukhanya, ngelixa ezo zijolise ekukhanyeni kancinane zichazwa njengamandla okukhanya amancinci.Iradiyasi yegophe ichaza ubude bojoliso belensi, indlela elula yokubala ubude obugxininise kwiilensi ezibhityileyo inikwa yiLens Thin Approximation yeFomula yoMenzi weLens.Nceda uqaphele, le fomyula isebenza kuphela kwiilensi ezinobunzima obuncinci xa ithelekiswa nobude obubaliweyo bokujongwa.
Apho:
f = ubude bojoliso
n = isalathiso se-refractive sezinto zelensi
r1 = iradiyasi yegophe kumphezulu okufutshane nokukhanya kwesiganeko
r2 = iradiyasi yegophe kumphezulu omde kude nokukhanya kwesiganeko
Ukuze ulawule nayiphi na inguqu kubude bojoliso, oogqirha bamehlo ke ngoko kufuneka bachaze ukunyamezela kweradiyasi.Indlela yokuqala kukusebenzisa ukunyamezela komatshini olula, umzekelo, i-radius inokuchazwa njenge-100 +/-0.1mm.Kwimeko enjalo, i-radius inokwahluka phakathi kwe-99.9mm kunye ne-100.1mm.Indlela yesibini kukusebenzisa ukunyamezela kweradiyasi ngokwepesenti.Ukusebenzisa i-radius eyi-100mm efanayo, ugqirha wamehlo unokucacisa ukuba i-curvature ayinako ukwahluka ngaphezu kwe-0.5%, oku kuthetha ukuba i-radius kufuneka iwele phakathi kwe-99.5mm kunye ne-100.5mm.Indlela yesithathu kukuchaza unyamezelo kubude bojoliso, amaxesha amaninzi ngokwepesenti.Ngokomzekelo, i-lens enobude obugxininise be-500mm ingaba nokunyamezela +/-1% okuguqulela kwi-495mm ukuya kwi-505mm.Ukuplaga obu bubude obugxininisiweyo kwi-equation yelensi ebhityileyo kuvumela abaqulunqi ukuba bafumane ukunyamezela koomatshini kwiradiyasi yokugoba.
Umzobo 6: Ukunyamezela kweRadi kwiZiko leCurvature
| Itheyibhile 3: Ukunyamezelwa koMveliso kwiRadi yeCurvature | |
| I-Radius yeCurvature Tolerances | IBanga elisemgangathweni |
| +/-0.5mm | Isiqhelo |
| +/-0.1% | Ukuchaneka |
| +/-0.01% | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu |
Ngokwesiqhelo, abavelisi bokukhanya basebenzisa iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo ukuze bafanelekele iradiyasi yokugoba kwilensi.Eyokuqala yiringi yespherometer encanyathiselwe kwigeyiji yokulinganisa.Ngokuthelekisa umahluko phakathi kwe-curvature phakathi kwe-"ring" echazwe kwangaphambili kunye ne-optics ye-radius ye-curvature, abaqulunqi banokumisela ukuba ulungiso olongezelelweyo luyimfuneko ukufezekisa i-radius efanelekileyo.Kukho nenani le-digital spherometers kwimarike yokuchaneka okwandisiweyo.Enye indlela echaneke kakhulu yi-automated contact profilometer esebenzisa iprobe ukulinganisa ngokwasemzimbeni i-contour ye-lens.Okokugqibela, indlela engadibanisiyo ye-interferometry inokusetyenziselwa ukwenza ipateni yomphetho ekwaziyo ukulinganisa umgama ophakathi komphezulu ongqukuva ukuya kwiziko elihambelanayo lokugoba.
Iziko
Iziko likwaziwa ngokubeka iziko okanye ngokunikezela.Njengoko igama lisitsho, iziko lilawula ukuchaneka kwendawo yeradiyasi yokugoba.Iradiyasi esembindini ngokugqibeleleyo ingalungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo i-vertex (embindini) yegophe layo ukuya kumda wangaphandle we-substrate.Umzekelo, iplano-convex lens enobubanzi obuyi-20mm inokuba neradiyasi esembindini ngokugqibeleleyo ukuba i-vertex ibibekwe ngokuthe ngqo nge-10mm ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na indawo ecaleni kwedayamitha yangaphandle.Ngoko ke kulandela ukuba i-optical fabricators kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo zombini i-X kunye ne-Y axis xa ulawula i-centration njengoko kuboniswe ngezantsi.
Umzobo 7: Idayagram ye-Decentering
Isixa se-decenter kwi-lens kukufuduka ngokomzimba kwe-axis yomatshini ukusuka kwi-optical axis.I-axis ye-mechanical ye-lens ilula nje i-geometric axis ye-lens kwaye ichazwa yi-cylinder yayo yangaphandle.I-axis ye-optical ye-lens ichazwa yi-optical surfaces kwaye ngumgca odibanisa amaziko e-curvature of surface.
Umzobo 8: Idayagram ye-Decentering
| Itheyibhile 4: Ukunyamezelwa kokwenziwa kweZiko | |
| Iziko | IBanga elisemgangathweni |
| +/-5 Arcminutes | Isiqhelo |
| +/-3 Arcminutes | Ukuchaneka |
| +/-30 Arcseconds | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu |
Ukufana
Ukufana kuchaza indlela imiphezulu emibini enxusene ngayo ngokunxulumene.Kuluncedo ekuchazeni amacandelo afana neefestile kunye ne-polarizers apho iindawo ezihambelanayo zilungele ukusebenza kwenkqubo kuba zinciphisa ukugqwesa okunokuthi ngenye indlela kuthotywe umfanekiso okanye umgangatho wokukhanya.Unyamezelo oluqhelekileyo luqala kwi-5 arcminutes ukuya kwi-arcseconds ezimbalwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
| Itheyibhile 5: Ukwenziwa kokunyamezelana kwiParallelism | |
| Ukunyamezelwa kweParallelism | IBanga elisemgangathweni |
| +/-5 Arcminutes | Isiqhelo |
| +/-3 Arcminutes | Ukuchaneka |
| +/-30 Arcseconds | Ukuchaneka okuphezulu |
Ukunyamezelwa kweAngle
Kumacandelo afana ne-prisms kunye ne-beamsplitters, ii-angles phakathi kwendawo zibaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-optic.Oku kunyamezelana kwe-engile ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswa kusetyenziswa i-autocollimator assembly, enenkqubo yomthombo wokukhanya ikhupha ukukhanya okudibeneyo.I-autocollimator ijikeleziswa malunga nomphezulu we-optic de isiphumo seFresnel sibuyele kuyo sivelise indawo phezu komphezulu phantsi kokuhlolwa.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umqadi odityanisiweyo ubetha umphezulu ngokwezehlo zesiqhelo kanye.Yonke indibano ye-autocollimator ijikeleziswa ijikeleze i-optic ukuya kwindawo elandelayo ye-optical kwaye inkqubo efanayo iyaphindwa.Umzobo we-3 ubonisa ukuseta kwe-autocollimator eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ukunyamezela.Umahluko kwi-angle phakathi kweendawo ezimbini ezilinganisiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukubala ukunyamezela phakathi kweendawo ezimbini ze-optical.Ukunyamezela i-Angle kunokubanjwa ekunyamezelweni kwee-arcminutes ezimbalwa ukuya kutsho kwii-arcseconds ezimbalwa.
Umzobo 9: Ukuseta i-Autocollimator Seturing Measuring Angle Tolerance
Bevel
Iikona ze-Substrate zinokuba buthathaka kakhulu, ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuzikhusela xa ubamba okanye uphakamisa icandelo le-optical.Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokukhusela ezi mbombo kukubethelela imiphetho.Iibevels zisebenza njenge-chamfers ezikhuselayo kwaye zithintela iitshiphusi zomphetho.Nceda ujonge le theyibhile ilandelayo yesi-5 ye-bevel spec yeediamitha ezahlukeneyo.
| Itheyibhile 6: Imida yokuVelisa kuBukhulu boBuso obukhulu beBevel | |
| Ububanzi | Ubuninzi bobuso obuphezulu beBevel |
| 3.00 - 5.00mm | 0.25mm |
| 25.41mm - 50.00mm | 0.3mm |
| 50.01mm - 75.00mm | 0.4mm |
Umngxuma ocacileyo
Umngxuma ocacileyo ulawula ukuba yeyiphi indawo yelensi ekufuneka ibambelele kuyo yonke le migaqo ichazwe ngasentla.Ichazwa njengedayamitha okanye ubungakanani becandelo le-optical nokuba ngoomatshini okanye ngokwepesenti ekufuneka ihlangabezane neenkcukacha, ngaphandle kwayo, abaqulunqi abaqinisekisi ukuba i-optic iya kubambelela kwiinkcukacha ezichaziweyo.Umzekelo, ilensi inokuba nobubanzi obuyi-100mm kunye nendawo yokuvula ecacileyo echazwe njenge-95mm okanye i-95%.Nayiphi na indlela yamkelekile kodwa kubalulekile ukuyikhumbula njengomgaqo jikelele, kokukhona ukuvuleka okucacileyo, kokukhona kunzima ukuvelisa i-optic njengoko ityhala iimpawu zokusebenza ezifunekayo kufutshane kwaye isondele kumda wendalo we-optic.
Ngenxa yezithintelo zokuvelisa, akunakwenzeka ukuvelisa indawo yokuvula ecacileyo elingana ncam nobubanzi, okanye ubude ngobubanzi, be-optic.
Umzobo we-10: Umzobo obonisa i-Aperture ecacileyo kunye ne-Diameter ye-lens
| Itheyibhile 7: Ukunyamezelwa koMbane ocacileyo | |
| Ububanzi | Umngxuma ocacileyo |
| 3.00mm – 10.00mm | 90% yoMdayamitha |
| 10.01mm - 50.00mm | Ububanzi - 1mm |
| ≥ 50.01mm | Ububanzi - 1.5mm |
Ukufumana iinkcukacha ezinzulu, nceda ujonge ikhathalogu yethu ye-optics okanye iimveliso ezifakiweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-20-2023