Iiprism zamehlo
Iiprism ziiglasi eziqinileyo zamehlo eziphantsi kwaye zigudiswe zibe ziimo zejometri kunye ne-optically ebonakalayo. I-engile, indawo, kunye nenani lemigangatho inceda ukuchaza uhlobo kunye nomsebenzi. Iiprism ziibhloko zeglasi ekhanyayo enemigangatho ekhazimlisiweyo ecaba kwii-engile ezilawulwa ngokuchanekileyo enye kwenye, uhlobo ngalunye lweprism lune-engile ethile egoba indlela yokukhanya. Iiprism zisetyenziselwa ukuphambukisa, ukujikeleza, ukuguqula, ukusasaza ukukhanya okanye ukuguqula i-polarization ye-beam yesiganeko. Ziluncedo ukusonga iinkqubo zamehlo okanye imifanekiso ejikelezayo. Iiprisms zingasetyenziselwa ukuguqula kunye nokubuyisela imifanekiso ngokuxhomekeke kwizicelo. Iikhamera ze-SLR kunye neebhayinotyhulasi zombini zisebenzisa iiprism ukuqinisekisa ukuba umfanekiso owubonayo ukwindawo enye yokuma kwento. Inye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyigcine engqondweni xa ukhetha iprism kukuba umqadi ubonakalisa imiphezulu emininzi ngaphakathi kwe-optic, oku kuthetha ukuba ubude bendlela yokukhanya kwiprism bude kakhulu kunoko bunokuba ngaphakathi kwesipili.
Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zeeprism ezisekwe kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo: iiprism zokusasazeka, ukutenxa, okanye iiprism zokubonisa, iiprism zokujikeleza, kunye neeprism zokufuduswa. Ukutenxa, ukufuduswa, kunye neeprism zokujikeleza zixhaphakile kwizicelo zemifanekiso; iiprism zokusasazwa zenziwe ngokungqongqo ukusasaza ukukhanya, ngoko ke azifanelekanga kuso nasiphi na isicelo esifuna imifanekiso esemgangathweni. Uhlobo ngalunye lweprism lune-engile ethile egoba indlela yokukhanya. Inye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyigcine engqondweni xa ukhetha iprism kukuba umqadi ubonakalisa imiphezulu emininzi ngaphakathi kwe-optic, oku kuthetha ukuba ubude bendlela yokukhanya bude kunoko bekuya kuba njalo ngesipili.
Iiprisms zokusasazwa
I-Prism dispersion ixhomekeke kwijometri yeprism kunye ne-curve ye-dispersion curve, ngokusekelwe kwi-wavelength kunye nesalathiso sokuphindaphinda kwe-prism substrate. I-engile yokutenxa ubuncinane imisela eyona engile incinci phakathi kwereyi yesiganeko kunye nemitha ethunyelwayo. Ubude obuluhlaza bokukhanya buphambuka ngaphezu kobomvu, kunye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphezu kokubini obomvu kunye nohlaza; ebomvu idla ngokuchazwa njenge-656.3nm, eluhlaza njenge-587.6nm, kunye nebhlowu njenge-486.1nm.
Ukutenxa, ukuJikeleka, kunye neePrism zokufuduswa
Iiprism eziphambukisa umendo wemitha, zijikelezisa umfanekiso, okanye zisuse nje umfanekiso kwi-axis yawo yoqobo ziluncedo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokucinga. Ukutenxa kwimitha yemitha kuqhele ukwenziwa kwii-engile ezingama-45°, 60°, 90°, kunye ne-180°. Oku kunceda ukucudisa ubungakanani benkqubo okanye ukunyenyisa indlela yeray ngaphandle kokuchaphazela lonke ucwangciso lwesixokelelwano. Iiprism ezijikelezayo, ezifana neeprism zehobe, zisetyenziselwa ukujikelezisa umfanekiso emva kokuba ujikiwe. Iiprism zokufuduswa zigcina isalathiso sendlela ye-ray, kodwa zilungelelanise ubudlelwane bayo nesiqhelo.
