Isishwankathelo
I-polarization optics isetyenziselwa ukutshintsha imeko ye-polarization ye-radiation radiation. I-polarization optics yethu ibandakanya ii-polarizers, iipleyiti zamaza / ii-retarders, i-depolarizers, ii-rotator ezijikelezayo, kunye ne-isolators yamehlo ngaphezulu kwe-UV, ebonakalayo, okanye i-IR spectral ranges.
1064 nm Faraday Rotator
Isolator yeNdawo yaMahala
Amandla aphezulu Nd-YAG Polarizer
Uyilo lwe-Optical lujolisa rhoqo kubude bobude kunye nobunzulu bokukhanya, ngelixa utyeshela i-polarization yayo. I-polarization, nangona kunjalo, yipropati ebalulekileyo yokukhanya njengamaza. Ukukhanya yi-electromagnetic wave, kwaye intsimi yombane yeli maza i-oscillates perpendicularly ukuya kwicala lokusasaza. Imeko ye-polarization ichaza ukuqhelaniswa kwe-oscillation yamaza ngokunxulumene necala lokusasaza. Ukukhanya kubizwa ngokuba yi-unpolarized ukuba ulwalathiso lwalo mmandla wombane luguquguquka ngokungalindelekanga ngexesha. Ukuba ulwalathiso lwentsimi yombane yombane luchazwe kakuhle, lubizwa ngokuba yi-polarized light. Owona mthombo uqhelekileyo wokukhanya kwepolarized yilaser. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela ibala lombane elijolise ngayo, sihlela ukukhanya okumhlophe kwiintlobo ezintathu zepolarizations:
★Ipolarization yomgca: i-oscillation kunye nokusasazwa kwinqwelomoya enye.Theintsimi yombane yokukhanya kwe-linearly polarized cUkuqina kwe-perpendicular ezimbini, ezilingana ne-amplitude, mgca amacandelo angenamahluko wesigaba.Isiphumo sombane wokukhanya sivalelwe kwinqwelomoya enye ecaleni kwendlela yokusasaza.
★Ipolarization yeSetyhula: ukuqhelaniswa nesibane kuyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ngendlela yehelical. Indawo yombane yokukhanya iqulathe amacandelo amabini angumtya we-perpendicular omnye komnye, alinganayo nge-amplitude, kodwa anomahluko wesigaba sika π/2. Isiphumo sombane sombane sijikeleza kwisangqa esijikeleze ulwalathiso lokusasaza.
★I-elliptical polarization: intsimi yombane yokukhanya kwe-elliptically polarized ichaza i-ellipse, xa kuthelekiswa nesangqa nge-circular polarization. Lo mmandla wombane unokuqwalaselwa njengendibaniselwano yamacandelo amabini anemigca eyahlukeneyo kunye/okanye umahluko wesigaba esingeyiyo π/2. Le yeyona nkcazo ngokubanzi yokukhanya kwe-polarized, kunye nesetyhula kunye nokukhanya kwe-polarized ukukhanya kunokujongwa njengeemeko ezikhethekileyo zokukhanya kwe-elliptically polarized.
Amazwe amabini omgca we-orthogonal polarization adla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi “S” kunye no “P”,bonazichazwa ngokuqhelaniswa kwazo nesicwangciso sezehlo.Ukukhanya kwe-P-polarizedukuba oscillating parallel kule nqwelomoya “P”, lo gama ukukhanya s-polarized ukuba indawo yombane polarized perpendicular kule nqwelo-moya “S”.Iipolarizerszizinto eziphambili ezibonakalayo zokulawula i-polarization yakho, ukuhambisa imeko efunwayo yepolarization ngelixa ubonisa, ufunxa okanye utenxa abanye. Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zeentlobo ze-polarizer, nganye ineengenelo zayo kunye nokungalunganga. Ukukunceda ukhethe eyona polarizer yesicelo sakho, siza kuxoxa ngeenkcukacha zepolarizer kunye nesikhokelo sokukhetha i-polarizers.
P kunye no-S pol. zichazwa ngokuqhelaniswa kwazo nesicwangciso sezehlo
Iimpawu zePolarizer
I-polarizers ichazwa ngamacandelo ambalwa angundoqo, ezinye zazo zithe ngqo kwi-polarization optics. Ezona parameters zibalulekileyo zezi:
⊙Ugqithiso: Eli xabiso mhlawumbi libhekiselele ekuhanjisweni kokukhanya komgca we-polarized kwicala le-axis ye-polarization, okanye ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okungabonakaliyo nge-polarizer. Ukuhanjiswa okunxuseneyo kukusasazwa kokukhanya okungepolarized ngokusebenzisa ii-polarizers ezimbini ezineentsimbi zepolarization ezilungelelaniswe ngokunxuseneyo, ngelixa uthumelo olunqamlezileyo kukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okungenapolarized ngokusebenzisa ii-polarizers ezimbini kunye ne-polarization axs yazo yawela. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-polarization efanelekileyo kwi-linearly polarized light parallel kwi-axis ye-polarization yi-100%, ukuhanjiswa kwe-parallel yi-50% kunye nokudluliselwa kwe-0%. Ukukhanya okungabonakaliyo kunokuqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza ukuhluka okungahleliweyo kwendibaniselwano ye-p- kunye ne-s-polarized light. Ipolarizer yomgca efanelekileyo iya kuhambisa enye yeendlela ezimbini zokucalula, ukunciphisa ubungakanani bokuqala obungahlukanga.0ngesiqingatha, okt.Mna=mna0/2,ngoko ke uthungelwano olunxuseneyo (kwisibane esingapholiyo) yi-50%. Ukukhanya komgca wepolarized kunye nokuqina I0, ubunzulu obusasazwa ngepolarizer efanelekileyo, mna, inokuchazwa ngumthetho kaMalus, okt.Mna=mna0cos2Øapho θ yi-engile phakathi kwesiganeko somgca wepolarization kunye ne-polarization axis. Siyabona ukuba kwii-axes ezihambelanayo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-100% kufezekisiwe, ngelixa i-90 ° izembe, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-polarizers enqamlekileyo, kukho ukuhanjiswa kwe-0%, ngoko ke ukuhanjiswa kwe-0%. Nangona kunjalo kwizicelo zehlabathi lokwenyani uthumelo alunakuze lube yi-0% ngokuthe ngqo, ngoko ke, iipolarizers ziphawulwa ngomlinganiselo wokutshabalala njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngezantsi, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukumisela olona thumelo kusetyenziswa iipolarizer ezimbini ezinqamlezileyo.
⊙I-Extinction Ratio kunye neDegree yePolarization: Iipropati ze-polarization zomgca we-polarizer zichazwa ngokwenqanaba le-polarization okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-polarization, okt, P=(T).1-T2)/(T1+T2) kunye nomlinganiselo wokuphela, okt, ρp=T2/T1apho ukuhanjiswa okuyintloko kokukhanya kwe-linearly polarized ngokusebenzisa i-polarizer yi-T1 kunye ne-T2. I-T1 yeyona nto iphezulu yokudluliselwa nge-polarizer kwaye iyenzeka xa i-axis yokuhanjiswa kwe-polarizer ihambelana ne-polarization yesiganeko somgca we-polarized beam; I-T2 yeyona nto incinci yokudluliselwa nge-polarizer kwaye yenzeka xa i-axis yothumelo ye-polarizer i-perpendicular kwi-polarization yesiganeko somgca we-polarized beam.
Ukusebenza kokutshabalala kwe-polarizer yomgca kaninzi kuchazwa njengo-1 / ρp : 1. Le parameter isukela ngaphantsi kwe-100:1 (ithetha ukuba une-100 eliphinda-phindwe kayi-100 losulelo lokukhanya okucazululiweyo kuno-S ukukhanya okupolarized) kwi-econocal sheet polarizers ukuya kwi-106:1 yomgangatho ophezulu we-birefringent crystalline polarizers. Umlinganiselo wokutshabalala ngokwesiqhelo uyahluka ngokobude bobude kunye ne-engile yesiganeko kwaye kufuneka ivavanywe kunye nezinye izinto ezifana neendleko, ubungakanani, kunye nosasazo olucazululiweyo lwesicelo esinikiweyo. Ukongeza kwi-extinction ratio, sinokulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-polarizer ngokubonakalisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Iqondo le-polarization esebenzayo libizwa ngokuthi "ukuchasana", lo mlinganiso usetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo xa kuqwalaselwa izicelo zokukhanya okuphantsi apho ilahleko enkulu ibaluleke kakhulu.
⊙I-engile yokwamkela: I-engile yokwamkelwa yeyona itenxayo inkulu ukusuka kwi-engile yezehlo zoyilo apho i-polarizer isazokwenza ngaphakathi kwemigaqo. Uninzi lwee-polarizers ziyilelwe ukusebenza kwi-engile ye-encidence angle ye-0 ° okanye i-45 °, okanye kwi-engile ye-Brewster. I-angle yokumkelwa ibalulekile ukulungelelaniswa kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu xa usebenza kunye nemiqadi engabonakaliyo. Igridi yocingo kunye ne-dichroic polarizers zineengile ezinkulu zokumkela, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-angle yokwamkelwa epheleleyo ephantse ibe yi-90 °.
⊙Ulwakhiwo: Iipolarizers ziza ngeendlela ezininzi kunye noyilo. Ifilimu ecekethekileyo yepolarizer ziifilim ezincinci ezifana nezihluzo zamehlo. I-polarizing plate beamsplitters ibhityile, iipleyiti ezisicaba ezibekwe kwi-engile ukuya kumqadi. I-Polarizing cube beamsplitters ibandakanya iiprism ezimbini ze-engile zasekunene ezifakwe kunye kwi-hypotenuse.
I-Birefringent polarizers iquka iiprism ezimbini zekristale ezifakwe kunye, apho i-angle yeeprisms igqitywe yi-polarizer yoyilo oluthile.
⊙Indawo evulekileyo ecacileyo ngokuqhelekileyo ithintelwa kakhulu kwi-birefringent polarizers njengoko ukufumaneka kweekristale ezicocekileyo zinciphisa ubungakanani bezi polarizers. I-Dichroic polarizers inezona ndawo zininzi zikhoyo ezicacileyo njengoko ukuveliswa kwazo kubolekisa kubukhulu obukhulu.
⊙Ubude bendlela yokubona: Ubude bokukhanya kufuneka buhambe ngepolarizer. Kubalulekile ukusasazwa, imida yomonakalo, kunye nemithintelo yendawo, ubude bendlela ye-optical inokubaluleka kwi-polarizers ye-birefringent kodwa ihlala imfutshane kwi-dichroic polarizers.
⊙Umda womonakalo: Umda womonakalo welaser umiselwa yimathiriyeli esetyenzisiweyo kunye noyilo lwepolarizer, kunye ne-birefringent polarizers ezidla ngokuba nowona mqobo uphezulu womonakalo. Isamente ihlala iyeyona nto ichaphazeleka kumonakalo welaser, yiyo loo nto uqhagamshelwe ngokubonakalayo ngemiqadi okanye iipolarizer ezifakwe emoyeni ezinemiqobo ephezulu yomonakalo.
Isikhokelo soKhetho lwePolarizer
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-polarizers ezibandakanya i-dichroic, ityhubhu, igridi yocingo, kunye nekristale. Akukho luhlobo olulodwa lwe-polarizer olufanelekileyo kwisicelo ngasinye, ngamnye unamandla akhe kunye nobuthathaka bakhe.
I-Dichroic Polarizers ihambisa imeko ethile ye-polarization ngelixa ivimba zonke ezinye. Ulwakhiwo oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya i-substrate enye egqunyiweyo okanye ifilimu ye-polymer dichroic, i-sandwiched iipleyiti zeglasi ezimbini. Xa umqadi wendalo uhambisa ngezinto ze-dichroic, enye yecandelo le-orthogonal polarization yomqadi ifunxeka ngamandla kwaye enye iphuma ngokufunxa obuthathaka. Ke, i-dichroic sheet polarizer inokusetyenziselwa ukuguqula i-randomly polarized beam ibe yi-linearly polarized beam. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-polarizing prisms, i-dichroic sheet polarizer inikezela ubungakanani obukhulu kakhulu kunye ne-angle eyamkelekileyo.Ngelixa uza kubona ukutshatyalaliswa okuphezulu kwimilinganiselo yeendleko, umda wokwakha unciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-lasers yamandla aphezulu okanye ukushisa okuphezulu. I-Dichroic polarizers ifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zeefom, ukusuka kwifilimu enexabiso eliphantsi le-laminated ukuya kwi-polarizers echanekileyo ephezulu.
I-Dichroic polarizers ifunxa imeko yepolarization engafunekiyo
I-Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters yenziwa ngokudibanisa iiprism ezimbini ze-engile ekunene kunye ne-hypotenuse egqunyiweyo. I-coating ye-polarizing ngokuqhelekileyo yakhiwe ngokutshintshana kweengqimba zezinto eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi zesalathisi ezibonisa ukukhanya kwe-S polarized kunye nokuhambisa i-P. Isiphumo semibhobho emibini ye-orthogonal kwifom elula ukukhwela kunye nokulungelelanisa. Iingubo zokugquma ziyakwazi ukumelana noxinaniso lwamandla aphezulu, kodwa izinto ezincamathelayo ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa iityhubhu zinokusilela. Le ndlela yokungaphumeleli inokupheliswa ngoqhagamshelwano lwe-optically. Ngelixa siqhele ukubona umahluko ophezulu wemitha egqithisiweyo, umahluko obonakalisiweyo udla ngokuba ngaphantsi.
Iingcingo zombane zepolarizer zinothotho lweengcingo ezincanca kancinci kwiglasi engaphantsi ekwaziyo ukuhambisa ukukhanya kwe-P-Polarized kwaye ibonise ukukhanya kwe-S-Polarized. Ngenxa yobume boomatshini, iipolarizer zegridi yocingo zibonisa ibhanti yobude obunqandwa kuphela kukuhanjiswa kwesubstrate ezenza zilungele usetyenziso lwebroadband ezifuna umahluko omkhulu wepolarization.
I-polarization perpendicular to the metallic ingcingo zihanjiswa
I-Crystalline polarizer idlulisela i-polarization enqwenelekayo kwaye ijike intsalela ngokusebenzisa iipropathi ze-birefringent zemathiriyeli yazo yekristale.
I-Crystalline polarizers isebenzisa iipropathi ze-birefringent ze-substrate ukuguqula imeko yepolarization yokukhanya okungenayo. Iimathiriyeli zeBirefringent zinezalathisi zokwahluka kancinane zokuphinda kukhanye ekukhanyeni kwepolarized kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezibangela ukuba iindawo ezahlukeneyo zepolarization zihambe ngemathiriyeli ngezantya ezahlukeneyo.
I-Wollaston polarizers luhlobo lwe-crystalline polarizers ebandakanya iiprism ezimbini ze-angle ekunene ezibhayibhileyo ezidityaniswe kunye, ukuze ii-axes zazo zokukhanya zibe perpendicular. Ukongeza umda womonakalo omkhulu we-crystalline polarizers ubenza balungele usetyenziso lwelaser.
Wollaston Polarizer
I-Paralight Optics 'uluhlu olubanzi lwe-polarizers lubandakanya i-Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, i-High Performance Two Channel ye-PBS, i-High Power Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, i-56 ° Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, i-45 ° i-Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, i-Dichroic Sheet Polarizers, i-Nanoparticles Polarizers, i-Nanoparticles I-Taylor Polarizers, i-Glan Laser Polarizers, i-Glan Thompson Polarizers, i-Wollaston Polarizers, i-Rochon Polarizers), i-variable Circular Polarizers, kunye ne-Polarizing Beam Displacers / Combiners.
Laser Line Polarizers
Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga ne-polarization optics okanye ufumane isicatshulwa, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi.
