⊙I-Aberration
Kuma-optics, ukonakala kwesistimu yelensi edala ukuthi isithombe sayo siphambuke emithethweni yesithombe se-paraxial.
- I-Spherical aberration
Uma imisebe yokukhanya iboniswa indawo eyindilinga, imisebe emaphakathi nayo igxiliswa ebangeni elihlukile esibukweni kunemisebe (ehambisanayo).Kuzibonakude zaseNewtonian, kusetshenziswa izibuko ze-paraboloidal, njengoba zigxilisa yonke imisebe ehambisanayo endaweni efanayo.Kodwa-ke, izibuko ze-paraboloidal zihlushwa yi-coma.
- I-Chromatic aberration
Lokhu kuphambana kubangelwa imibala eyahlukene ezogxila ezindaweni ezihlukene.Wonke amalensi anezinga elithile lokungalungi kwe-chromatic.Amalensi e-Achromatic afaka okungenani imibala emibili eza ekugxilweni okufanayo.Ama-Achromatic refractors ngokuvamile ayalungiswa ukuze abe luhlaza, futhi okubomvu noma okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kufika ekugxilweni okufanayo, ngokunganaki okuluhlaza.Lokhu kuholela kulawo ma-violet agqamile noma ama-halo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezizungeze i-Vega noma inyanga, njengoba imibala eluhlaza nebomvu iza izogxila, kodwa njengoba i-violet noma eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ingekho, leyo mibala ayigxilile futhi ayifiphalisiwe.
- Ikhoma
Lokhu kuwukungalungi kwe-axis, okungukuthi, izinto kuphela (ngokwezinjongo zethu, izinkanyezi) ezingekho phakathi nesithombe ezithintekayo.Imisebe yokukhanya engena kusistimu yokubona kude ukusuka phakathi nendawo nge-engeli igxile emaphoyintini ahlukene kunalawo angena kusistimu yokubona eduze noma eduze kwe-eksisi yokubona.Lokhu kubangela ukuthi isithombe esifana nenkanyezi enomsila sakhiwe kude nendawo yesithombe.
- Ijika lenkundla
Inkambu okukhulunywa ngayo empeleni iyindiza egxilile, noma indiza ekugxilwe kuyo kwensimbi yokubona.Ngokuthwebula izithombe, le ndiza empeleni i-plane (flat), kodwa ezinye izinhlelo zokubona zinikeza izindiza ezigxilile ezigobile.Eqinisweni, izibonakude eziningi zinezinga elithile lokugoba kwensimu.Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-Petzval Field Curvature, njengoba indiza lapho isithombe iwela khona ibizwa ngokuthi i-Petzval surface.Ngokuvamile, uma kubizwa ngokuthi i-aberration, i-curvature iyahambisana kuso sonke isithombe, noma i-rotationally symmetric mayelana ne-eksisi yokubona.
- Ukuhlanekezela - umgqomo
Ukwanda kokukhuliswa ukusuka maphakathi kuya ekugcineni kwesithombe.Isikwele sigcina sibukeka siqumbile, noma sifana nomgqomo.
- Ukuhlanekezela - pincushiond
Ukuncipha kokukhuliswa ukusuka maphakathi kuya emaphethelweni esithombe.Isikwele sigcina sibukeka simpintshiwe, njengepinkishi.
- Isipoki
Empeleni ukuvela kwesithombe esingaphandle kwenkundla noma ukukhanya endaweni yokubuka.Imvamisa inkinga kuphela enamehlo angaqondakali kahle nezinto ezikhanyayo.
- Umthelela wezinso zezinso
Inkinga edume kabi yeTelevue 12mm Nagler Type 2.Uma iso lakho lingagxilile ncamashi ku-FIELD LENS, futhi lincike ku-optical axis, ingxenye yesithombe inobhontshisi wezinso omnyama ovimba ingxenye yokubuka kwakho.
⊙I-Achromat
Ilensi ehlanganisa izakhi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ngokuvamile okomqhele kanye nengilazi yetshe letsheza, elungiselwe ukushintshashintsha kwe-chromatic ngokuphathelene namaza angamaza amabili akhethiwe.Eyaziwa nangokuthi ilensi ye-achromatic.
⊙I-anti-reflection coating
Ungqimba oluncane lwento esetshenziswa endaweni yelensi ukunciphisa inani lamandla abonisiwe.
⊙I-Aspherical
Ayiyindilinga;i-elementi yokubona enendawo eyodwa noma ngaphezulu engesiyindilinga.Indawo eyindilinga yelensi ingase ishintshwe kancane ukuze kwehliswe ukuphuma okuyindilinga.
⊙I-Astigmatism
I-lens aberration eholela ekuhlukaniseni izindiza zesithombe se-tangential nesagittal nge-axially.Lolu uhlobo oluthile lwenkambu yokugoba lapho inkambu yokubuka igobile ngokuhlukile ukuze imisebe yokukhanya ingene ohlelweni ngokuma okuhlukile.Ngokuphathelene nokubona kwezibonakude, i-ASTIGMATISM ivela esibukweni noma ilensi ene-FOCAL LENGTH ehluke kancane uma ikalwa ohlangothini olulodwa kuyo yonke indiza yesithombe, kunalapho ikalwa ngendlela ebheke kuleyo ndawo.
⊙Ukugxila emuva
Ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokugcina yelensi ukuya endizeni yesithombe sayo.
⊙I-Beamsplitter
Idivayisi yokubona yokuhlukanisa i-beam ibe imishayo emibili noma ngaphezulu ehlukene.
⊙I-Broadband enamathela
Izembatho ezibhekene nomkhawulokudonsa we-spectral obanzi uma kuqhathaniswa.
⊙Isikhungo
Inani lokuchezuka kwe-eksisi yokubona ye-lens ukusuka ku-eksisi yomshini.
⊙Isibuko esibandayo
Izihlungi ezidlulisa ubude begagasi endaweni ye-infrared spectral (>700 nm) futhi zibonise ubude beza obubonakalayo.
⊙I-Dielectric coating
I-coating ehlanganisa izendlalelo ezishintshayo zamafilimu anenkomba ephezulu ye-refractive kanye ne-refractive index ephansi.
⊙I-Diffraction inomkhawulo
Isakhiwo sesistimu yokubona lapho kuphela imithelela ye-diffraction inquma ikhwalithi yesithombe esisikhiqizayo.
⊙Ukugxila okusebenzayo
Ibanga ukusuka endaweni eyinhloko ukuya endaweni okugxilwe kuyo.
⊙Inombolo F
Isilinganiso sobude obulinganayo bokugxila belensi kuya kububanzi bomfundi wokungena.
⊙I-FWHM
Ububanzi obugcwele kuhhafu wesilinganiso esiphezulu.
⊙I-infrared IR
Ubude begagasi bungaphezu kuka-760 nm, obungabonakali emehlweni.
⊙I-Laser
Imisebe yokukhanya eqinile eyi-monochromatic, ehlangene, futhi ehlanganiswe kakhulu.
⊙I-Laser diode
I-diode ekhipha ukukhanya edizayinelwe ukusebenzisa ukuphuma okukhuthazwayo ukuze yakhe ukuphuma kokukhanya okuhambisanayo.
⊙Ukukhuliswa
Isilinganiso sosayizi wesithombe sento kuleso sento.
⊙I-Multilayer coating
Isembozo esakhiwe ngezingqimba eziningi zezinto ezinenkomba ye-refractive ephezulu nephansi eshintshanayo.
⊙Isihlungi sokuminyana esimaphakathi
Izihlungi zokuminyana phakathi nendawo zinciphisa, zihlukanise, noma zihlanganise imishayo ebangeni elibanzi lezilinganiso ze-irradiance ngaphandle kokuncika okubalulekile kubude begagasi.
⊙I-aperature yezinombolo
I-sine ye-engeli eyenziwe umsebe oseceleni welensi ene-eksisi yokubona.
⊙Inhloso
I-elementi yokubona ethola ukukhanya entweni futhi yakhe isithombe sokuqala noma esiyinhloko kuma-telescopes nama-microscopes.
⊙I-Optical eksisi
Ulayini odlula kuzo zombili izikhungo zokugoba kwendawo yokubona yelensi.
⊙I-Optical flat
Ucezu lwengilazi, i-pyrex, noma i-quartz enendawo eyodwa noma zombili ezigaywe ngokucophelela futhi ziphucuziwe, ngokuvamile ziphansi kuze kube ngaphansi kwengxenye eyishumi yobude begagasi.
⊙I-Paraxial
Isici sokuhlaziya okubonakalayo okukhawulelwe kuma-apertures amancane ngokungenakulinganiswa.
⊙I-Parfocal
Ukuba namaphoyinti aqondane.
⊙Iphinikhodi
Imbobo encane ebukhali enqenqemeni, esetshenziswa njengembobo noma ilensi yeso.
⊙I-polarization
Isisho sokuma kwemigqa ye-flux kagesi emkhakheni we-electromagnetic.
⊙Ukuzindla
Ukubuyiswa kwemisebe ngendawo, ngaphandle koshintsho kubude begagasi.
⊙I-refraction
Ukugoba kwemisebe yesigameko esitshekile njengoba idlula endaweni ephakathi nendawo.
⊙Inkomba ye-refractive
Isilinganiso sesivinini sokukhanya ku-vacuum kuya kusivinini sokukhanya kokokusebenza okucwebezelayo kobude obunikeziwe.
⊙Sag
Ukuphakama kwejika kukalwa ngechord.
⊙Isihlungi esibanzi
Ukuphakama kwejika kukalwa ngechord.
⊙I-Striae
Ukungapheleli engilazini yokubona okuhlanganisa umugqa ohlukile wento ekhanyelayo enenkomba ehlukile ye-refractive evela emzimbeni wengilazi.
⊙I-lens ye-Telecentric
Ilensi lapho isitobhi sokuvuleka sitholakala khona lapho kugxilwe khona ngaphambili, okuholela ekutheni imisebe emikhulu ihambisane ne-eksisi yokubona esikhaleni sesithombe;okungukuthi, umfundi ophumayo usekungapheli.
⊙Telephoto
Ilensi ehlanganisiwe yakhiwe kangangokuthi ubude bayo bubonke bulingana noma bungaphansi kobude bayo bokugxila obusebenzayo.
⊙I-TIR
Imisebe yesigameko sangaphakathi emngceleni womoya/wengilazi kuma-engeli amakhulu kune-engeli ebalulekile iboniswa ngokusebenza kahle okungu-100% kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isiphi isimo sayo sokuqala se-polarization.
⊙Ukudluliswa
Kuma-optics, ukwenziwa kwamandla akhazimulayo nge-medium.
⊙ UV
Isifunda esingabonakali se-spectrum esingaphansi kuka-380 nm.
⊙V Ijazi
I-anti-reflection ye-wavelength ethile ecishe ibe ngu-0 reflection, ebizwa kanjalo ngenxa yomumo ongu-V wejika lokuskena.
⊙I-Vignetting
Ukuncipha kokukhanya kude ne-eksisi yokubona kusistimu yokubona okubangelwa ukunqunywa kwemisebe engaphandle kwe-axis ngezimbobo ohlelweni.
⊙I-Wavefront deformation
Ukuhamba kwe-wavefront kusuka kusikhala esikahle ngenxa yomkhawulo wedizayini noma ikhwalithi yendawo ephezulu.
⊙I-Waveplate
Ama-waveplates, aziwa nangokuthi amapuleti e-retardation, ayizinto ezibonakalayo ezi-birefringent ezinezimbazo ezimbili ze-optic, eyodwa iyashesha futhi enye ihamba kancane.Ama-waveplates akhiqiza ukuhlehla kwamagagasi agcwele, uhhafu kanye nekota.
⊙I-Wedge
Isici esibonakalayo esinezindawo ezithambekele zendiza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-10-2023