1) Isingeniso se-Infrared Optics
I-Infrared Optics isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa, ukugxilisa noma ukuhlanganisa ukukhanya ebangeni le-wavelength eliphakathi kuka-760 no-14,000 nm. Le ngxenye yemisebe ye-IR iphinde ihlukaniswe yaba izigaba ezine ezihlukene ze-spectral:
| Eduze kwebanga le-infrared (NIR) | 700 - 900 nm |
| Ibanga le-Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) | 900 - 2300 nm |
| Ibanga le-Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR) | 3000 - 5000 nm |
| Ibanga le-Long-Wave Infrared (LWIR) | 8000 - 14000 nm |
2) I-Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR)
Izicelo ze-SWIR zihlanganisa ububanzi obusuka ku-900 kuye ku-2300 nm. Ngokungafani nokukhanya kwe-MWIR ne-LWIR okukhishwa entweni ngokwayo, i-SWIR ifana nokukhanya okubonakalayo ngomqondo wokuthi ama-photons aboniswa noma amuncwa into, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze umehluko odingekayo ukuze kuthathwe isithombe sokucaca okuphezulu. Imithombo yokukhanya yemvelo efana nokukhanya kokuqala kwe-ambient kanye nokukhazimula kwangemuva (okubizwa ngokuthi nightglow) kungama-emitters anjalo e-SWIR futhi iletha ukukhanya okuhle kakhulu kwesithombe sangaphandle ebusuku.
Izicelo eziningi eziyinkinga noma ezingenzeki kusetshenziswa ukukhanya okubonakalayo zingenzeka kusetshenziswa i-SWIR. Uma uthwebula isithombe nge-SWIR, umhwamuko wamanzi, intuthu yomlilo, inkungu, nezinto ezithile ezifana ne-silicon kukhanya. Ukwengeza, imibala ebonakala icishe ifane kokubonakalayo ingase ihlukaniswe kalula kusetshenziswa i-SWIR.
I-SWIR imaging isetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi ezifana nokuhlolwa kwebhodi le-elekthronikhi kanye nokuhlolwa kwamaseli elanga, ukuhlola ukukhiqiza, ukuhlonza nokuhlunga, ukugada, ukulwa nokukhwabanisa, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi nokunye.
3) I-Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR)
Amasistimu e-MWIR asebenza ebangeni lama-micron angu-3 kuya kwangu-5. Lapho unquma phakathi kwezinhlelo ze-MWIR ne-LWIR, umuntu kufanele acabangele izici ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, izakhi zomkhathi wendawo ezifana nomswakama nenkungu kufanele zicatshangelwe. Amasistimu e-MWIR awathintwa kancane umswakama kunezinhlelo ze-LWIR, ngakho-ke angcono kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ezifana nokugadwa kogu, ukubhekwa kwethrafikhi yemikhumbi noma ukuvikelwa kwechweba.
I-MWIR inokudluliswa kwe-atmospheric okukhulu kune-LWIR ezindaweni eziningi zesimo sezulu. Ngakho-ke, i-MWIR ivame ukukhetha ezinhlelweni zokugada zebanga elide elidlula ibanga elingamakhilomitha ayi-10 ukusuka entweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-MWIR nayo iyindlela engcono uma ufuna ukuthola izinto ezishisa kakhulu njengezimoto, izindiza noma imicibisholo. Esithombeni esingezansi umuntu angabona ukuthi amapayipi okukhipha amanzi ashisayo abonakala kakhulu ku-MWIR kunaku-LWIR.
4) I-Long Wave Infrared (LWIR)
Amasistimu e-LWIR asebenza ku-8 kuya ku-14 micron range. Zikhethelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezinto eziseduze nezinga lokushisa legumbi. Amakhamera e-LWIR awathintwa kancane yilanga ngakho-ke angcono ekusebenzeni kwangaphandle. Ngokuvamile amasistimu angapholisiwe asebenzisa ama-microbolometer e-Focal Plane Array, nakuba amakhamera e-LWIR apholile akhona futhi asebenzisa izitholi ze-Mercury Cadmium Tellurium (MCT). Ngokuphambene, iningi lamakhamera e-MWIR adinga ukupholisa, asebenzise i-nitrogen eyi-liquid noma i-Stirling cycle cooler.
Amasistimu e-LWIR athola inani elibanzi lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengokuhlolwa kwebhilidi nengqalasizinda, ukutholwa kokukhubazeka, ukutholwa kwegesi nokunye. Amakhamera e-LWIR adlale indima ebalulekile phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19 njengoba evumela ukukalwa kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba okusheshayo nokunembile.
5) Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha Wama-IR Substrates
Izinto ze-IR zinezici ezihlukile ezivumela ukuthi zenze kahle ku-spectrum ye-infrared. I-IR Fused Silica, i-Germanium, i-Silicon, i-Sapphire, ne-Zinc Sulfide/Selenide, ngayinye inamandla okusebenza kwe-infrared.
I-Zinc Selenide (ZnSe)
I-Zinc selenide iyinhlanganisela ephuzi-ephuzi, eqinile ehlanganisa i-zinc ne-selenium. Idalwe ngokuhlangana komhwamuko weZinc kanye negesi ye-H2 Se, yakheka njengamashidi ku-graphite substrate. Yaziwa ngezinga layo eliphansi lokumunca futhi elivumela ukusetshenziswa okuhle kakhulu kwamalaser e-CO2.
| I-Optimum Transmission Range | Izicelo Ezikahle |
| 0.6 - 16μm | Amalaser e-CO2 kanye ne-thermometry kanye ne-spectroscopy, amalensi, amafasitela, nezinhlelo ze-FLIR |
I-Germany (Ge)
I-Germanium inokubukeka okumnyama okumpunga okunentuthu okunenkomba ye-refractive engu-4.024 ene-low Optical dispersion. Inokuminyana okukhulu nge-Knoop Hardness (kg/mm2): 780.00 eyivumela ukuthi yenze kahle kuma-optics enkambu ezimeni ezimazombezombe.
| I-Optimum Transmission Range | Izicelo Ezikahle |
| 2 - 16μm | I-LWIR - I-MWIR imaging Thermal (uma i-AR igcotshwe), izimo zokubona ezimangelengele |
I-silicon (S)
I-Silicon inokubukeka okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumpunga enamandla okushisa aphezulu okwenza ilungele izibuko ze-laser nama-silicon wafers embonini ye-semiconductor. Inenkomba ye-refractive engu-3.42. Izingxenye ze-silicon zisetshenziswa emishinini kagesi kungenxa yokuthi imisinga yayo kagesi ingadlula kumakhondatha e-silicon ngokushesha kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nabanye abaqhubi, iminyene kakhulu kune-Ge noma i-ZnSe. I-AR coating inconywa ezinhlelweni eziningi.
| I-Optimum Transmission Range | Izicelo Ezikahle |
| 1.2 - 8μm | I-MWIR, imaging ye-NIR, i-spectroscopy ye-IR, amasistimu okuthola i-MWIR |
I-Zinc Sulfidi (ZnS)
I-Zinc Sulfide iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sezinzwa ze-infrared ezidlulisa kahle ku-IR kanye ne-spectrum ebonakalayo. Ngokuvamile kuwukukhetha okungabizi kakhulu kunezinye izinto ze-IR.
| I-Optimum Transmission Range | Izicelo Ezikahle |
| 0.6 - 18μm | I-LWIR - i-MWIR, izinzwa ze-infrared ezibonakalayo nezimaphakathi namagagasi noma amaza amade |
Ukukhetha kwakho i-substrate kanye ne-anti-reflection coating kuzoncika ekutheni ibuphi ubude begagasi obudinga ukudluliselwa okuyinhloko kuhlelo lwakho lokusebenza. Isibonelo, uma udlulisela ukukhanya kwe-IR ebangeni le-MWIR, i-germanium ingaba yisinqumo esihle. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-NIR, isafire ingase ifaneleke.
Okunye ukucaciswa ongase uthande ukukucabangela ekukhetheni kwakho i-infrared optics kufaka phakathi izakhiwo ezishisayo kanye nenkomba ye-refraction. Izici ezishisayo ze-substrate zilinganisa ukuthi isabela kanjani ekushiseni. Ngokuvamile, izakhi ze-infrared optical zizovezwa emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-IR nazo zikhiqiza inani elikhulu lokushisa. Ukuze unqume ukuthi i-IR substrate ilufanele yini uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza uzofuna ukuhlola i-index gradient kanye ne-coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). Uma i-substrate enikeziwe ine-gradient ephezulu yenkomba, ingase ibe nokusebenza kokubona okuphansi uma isetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo eziguquguqukayo ezishisayo. Uma ine-CTE ephezulu, ingase inwebe noma inciphe ngenani eliphezulu uma kubhekwa ushintsho olukhulu kuzinga lokushisa. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kaningi ku-infrared optics ziyahlukahluka kakhulu kunkomba ye-refraction. I-Germanium, ngokwesibonelo, inenkomba ye-refraction engu-4.0003, uma kuqhathaniswa no-1.413 we-MgF. Ukutholakala kwama-substrates analolu hlu olubanzi lwenkomba ye-refraction kunikeza ukuguquguquka okwengeziwe ekwakhiweni kwesistimu. Ukuhlakazwa kwento ye-IR ikala ushintsho kunkomba yobude beza ngokuphathelene nobude beza kanye nokuphambuka kwe-chromatic, noma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-wavelength. Ukusabalalisa kulinganiswa, ngokuphambene, nenombolo ye-Abbe, echazwa njengesilinganiso senkomba ye-refractive ku-d wavelength susa 1, phezu komehluko phakathi kwenkomba yokuphikiswa emigqeni ethi f no-c. Uma i-substrate inenombolo ye-Abbe engaphezu kuka-55, ayihlakazeki futhi siyibiza ngokuthi i-crown material. Ama-substrates amaningi ahlakazekayo anezinombolo ze-Abbe ezingaphansi kuka-55 abizwa nge-flint materials.
Izicelo ze-infrared Optics
I-infrared optics inezinhlelo zokusebenza emikhakheni eminingi, kusukela kumalaser anamandla e-CO2, asebenza ku-10.6 μm, kuya kumakhamera wesithombe esishisayo obona ebusuku (amabhendi e-MWIR nama-LWIR) kanye nesithombe se-IR. Zibalulekile futhi ku-spectroscopy, njengoba izinguquko ezisetshenziswa ekuhlonzeni amagesi amaningi okulandela umkhondo asendaweni emaphakathi ne-infrared. Sikhiqiza i-laser line optics kanye nezingxenye ze-infrared ezisebenza kahle ngaphezu kwebanga elibanzi le-wavelength, futhi ithimba lethu elinolwazi linganikeza ukwesekwa okugcwele kokuklama nokubonisana.
I-Paralight Optics isebenzisa amasu okucubungula athuthukile afana ne-Single Point Diamond Turning kanye nokupholishwa kwe-CNC ukuze kukhiqizwe amalensi optical anembe kakhulu avela ku-Silicon, i-Germanium ne-Zinc Sulfide athola izinhlelo zokusebenza kumakhamera e-MWIR nawe-LWIR. Siyakwazi ukuzuza ukunemba okungaphansi kuka-0.5 fringes PV kanye nobulukhuni ebangeni elingaphansi kuka-10 nm.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe, sicela ubheke yethuikhathalogi opticsnoma noma ukhululeke ukusithinta ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2023
