I-Optical Prisms
Ama-Prism ama-optic engilazi aqinile aphansi futhi aphucuziwe abe yizimo zejometri kanye ne-optically ebalulekile. I-engeli, indawo, kanye nenani lezindawo kusiza ukuchaza uhlobo nomsebenzi. Ama-Prism amabhlogo engilazi yokubona enezindawo ezipholishiwe eziyisicaba kuma-engeli alawulwa kahle aya komunye nomunye, uhlobo lweprism ngalunye lune-engeli ethile egotshwa indlela yokukhanya. Ama-Prism asetshenziselwa ukuchezukisa, ukuzungezisa, ukuhlehlisa, ukusabalalisa ukukhanya noma ukushintsha ukuhlukaniswa komugqa wesigameko. Ziwusizo ekugoqeni amasistimu okubona noma izithombe ezizungezisayo. Ama-Prism angasetshenziswa ukuguqula nokubuyisela izithombe kuye ngezinhlelo zokusebenza. Amakhamera e-SLR nama-binoculars kokubili asebenzisa ama-prism ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isithombe osibonayo sisendaweni efanayo nento. Into eyodwa ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapho ukhetha i-prism ukuthi i-beam iveza izindawo eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-optic, lokhu kusho ukuthi ubude bendlela yokubona nge-prism bude kakhulu kunalokho obungaba ngaphakathi kwesibuko.
Kunezinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko zamaprism ezisuselwe emisebenzini ehlukene: amaprism okuhlakazeka, ukuchezuka, noma ama-reflection prism, ama-rotation prism, namaprism asuswayo. Ukuchezuka, ukugudluzwa, nokuzungezisa ama-prism kuvamile ezinhlelweni zokuthwebula izithombe; ama-prism okuhlakazeka enzelwe ngokuqinile ukukhanya okuhlakazayo, ngakho-ke awafanele noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza oludinga izithombe zekhwalithi. Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-prism lune-engeli ethile egotshwa indlela yokukhanya. Into eyodwa ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapho ukhetha i-prism ukuthi i-beam iveza izindawo eziningi ngaphakathi kwe-optic, lokhu kusho ukuthi ubude bendlela yokubona bude kakhulu kunalokho obungaba ngesibuko.
I-Dispersion Prisms
Ukuhlakazeka kwe-Prism kuncike kujometri yeprism kanye nejika layo lokuhlakazeka kwenkomba, ngokusekelwe kubude begagasi kanye nenkomba yokuphindwa kwe-prism substrate. I-engeli yokuchezuka okuncane icacisa i-engeli encane phakathi komreyi wesigameko kanye nemisebe edluliswayo. Ubude beza obuluhlaza bokukhanya buchezuka ngaphezu kokubomvu, noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphezu kokubomvu nokuluhlaza; okubomvu kuvame ukuchazwa ngokuthi 656.3nm, okuluhlaza okotshani okungu-587.6nm, nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengo-486.1nm.
Ukuchezuka, Ukuzungezisa, kanye namaPrism Okususwa
Ama-Prism achezukisa indlela ye-ray, azungezisa isithombe, noma avele asuse isithombe eksisi yaso yasekuqaleni awusizo ezinhlelweni eziningi zokuthwebula izithombe. Ukuchezuka kwemisebe kuvame ukwenziwa ngama-engeli angu-45°, 60°, 90°, no-180°. Lokhu kusiza ukufinyanisa usayizi wesistimu noma ukulungisa indlela ye-ray ngaphandle kokuthikameze konke ukusethwa kwesistimu. Ama-prism azungezisayo, njengama-prism amajuba, asetshenziselwa ukuzungezisa isithombe ngemva kokuthi sihlanekezelwe. Ama-prism asusayo agcina isiqondiso se-ray path, nokho alungise ukuhlobana kwawo kokujwayelekile.
