Uhlolojikelele
I-polarization optics isetshenziselwa ukuguqula isimo se-polarization yemisebe yesigameko. I-polarization yethu ye-polarization ihlanganisa ama-polarizer, amapuleti amagagasi / ama-retarders, ama-depolarizer, ama-rotator faraday, nama-optical isolator ngaphezu kwe-UV, ebonakalayo, noma i-IR spectral range.
1064 nm Faraday Rotator
Isihlukanisi Sendawo Yamahhala
High Power Nd-YAG Polarizer
Idizayini yokubona ivamise ukugxila kubude beza nobukhulu bokukhanya, kuyilapho inganaki ukuhlukaniswa kwayo. I-polarization, nokho, iyimpahla ebalulekile yokukhanya njengegagasi. Ukukhanya kuyigagasi kagesi, futhi inkambu kagesi yaleli gagasi i-oscillate iqonde ngqo lapho isakazeka khona. Isimo se-polarization sichaza umumo wokuzungeza kwegagasi ngokuhlobene nesiqondiso sokusakazeka. Ukukhanya kubizwa ngokuthi i-unpolarized uma isiqondiso sale nsimu kagesi siguquguquka ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi. Uma isiqondiso senkambu kagesi yokukhanya sichazwe kahle, sibizwa ngokuthi ukukhanya kwe-polarized. Umthombo ovame kakhulu wokukhanya kwe-polarized yi-laser. Ngokuya ngokuthi inkambu kagesi ibheke kanjani, sihlukanisa ukukhanya okumhlophe kube izinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlukaniswa:
★I-polarization yomugqa: i-oscillation nokusabalalisa kundiza eyodwa.Theinkambu kagesi yokukhanya kwe-polarized linearly ci-onss of two perpendicular, elingana ngo-amplitude, emgqeni izingxenye ezingenawo umehluko wesigaba.Umphumela wenkambu kagesi wokukhanya uvalelwe endizeni eyodwa lapho kusakazeka khona.
★I-polarization eyindilinga: umumo wokukhanya uyashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngendlela ye-helical. Inkambu kagesi yokukhanya iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziqondile ezine-perpendicular enye kwenye, ezilingana ngo-amplitude, kodwa ezinomehluko wesigaba sika-π/2. Inkambu kagesi ewumphumela wokukhanya izungeza indingilizi izungeza isiqondiso sokusakazeka.
★I-Elliptical polarization: inkambu kagesi yokukhanya kwe-elliptically polarized ichaza i-ellipse, uma kuqhathaniswa nombuthano nge-polarization eyindilinga. Le nkambu kagesi ingabhekwa njengenhlanganisela yezingxenye ezimbili zomugqa ezinama-amplitude ahlukene kanye/noma umehluko wesigaba ongewona u-π/2. Lena incazelo evamile kakhulu yokukhanya kwe-polarized, futhi ukukhanya okuyisiyingi kanye ne-linear polarized kungabukwa njengezimo ezikhethekile zokukhanya kwe-elliptically polarized.
Izimo ezimbili ze-orthogonal Linear polarization zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “S” kanye “P”,bonazichazwa ngokuma kwazo okuhlobene nendiza yesigameko.Ukukhanya kwe-P-polarizedokuyi-oscillating parallel nale ndiza kungu-“P”, kuyilapho ukukhanya kwe-s-polarized okunenkambu kagesi e-polarized perpendicular kule ndiza kungu-“S”.Ama-polarizersama-elementi abalulekile okubona okulawula ukuhlukaniswa kwe-polarization, adlulisele isimo se-polarization oyifunayo ngenkathi ubonisa, umunca noma uchezula okunye. Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ze-polarizer, ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi. Ukukusiza ukuthi ukhethe i-polarizer engcono kakhulu yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza, sizoxoxa ngezicaciso ze-polarizer kanye nomhlahlandlela wokukhetha ama-polarizer.
P kanye no-S pol. zichazwa ngokuma kwazo okuhlobene nendiza yesigameko
Imininingwane ye-Polarizer
Ama-polarizer achazwa ngamapharamitha angukhiye ambalwa, amanye awo aqondene ne-polarization optics. Imingcele ebaluleke kakhulu yilezi:
⊙Ukudluliswa: Lelivelu kungenzeka libhekisele ekudluliselweni kokukhanya kwe-polarized line kuhlangothi lwe-axis ye-polarization, noma ekudluliselweni kokukhanya okungahlukanisiwe nge-polarizer. Ukudluliswa okuhambisanayo ukudluliswa kokukhanya okungahlukanisiwe ngama-polarizer amabili anezimbazo zazo ze-polarization ziqondaniswe ngokuhambisana, kuyilapho ukudluliswa okuwela ukudluliswa kokukhanya okungahlukanisiwe ngama-polarizer amabili awela izimbazo zazo. Kuma-polarizer afanelekile ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwe-polarized ukukhanya okuhambisana ne-axis ye-polarization kungu-100%, ukudluliswa okuhambisanayo kungu-50% kanye nokudluliswa okuwela ngu-0%. Ukukhanya okungenayo i-polarized kungabhekwa njengenhlanganisela engahleliwe eshintshashintsha ngokushesha yokukhanya kwe-p- kanye no-s-polarized. I-polarizer yomugqa efanelekile izodlulisela kuphela ukuhlukaniswa okukodwa kwemigqa emibili, inciphise ukuqina kokuqala okungahlukanisiwe I.0ngesigamu, okungukuthi,I=I0/2,ngakho-ke ukudluliswa okuhambisanayo (kokukhanya okungenayo i-unpolarized) kungu-50%. Ukuze uthole ukukhanya kwe-polarized nge-intensity I0, ukuqina okudluliselwa nge-polarizer ekahle, I, kungachazwa ngomthetho ka-Malus, okungukuthi,I=I0cos2Ølapho θ iyi-engeli ephakathi kwesigameko somugqa we-polarization kanye ne-polarization axis. Siyabona ukuthi kuma-ax ahambisanayo, ukudluliswa kwe-100% kufinyelelwa, kanti kuma-ax angu-90 °, aziwa nangokuthi ama-polarizers awela, kukhona ukudluliswa kwe-0%, ngakho-ke ukudluliswa kwe-cross ngu-0%. Kodwa-ke ezinhlelweni zomhlaba wangempela ukudluliswa akusoze kwaba ngu-0% ncamashi, ngakho-ke, ama-polarizer abonakala ngenani lokuqothulwa njengoba kuchazwe ngezansi, engasetshenziswa ukunquma ukudluliswa kwangempela ngokusebenzisa ama-polarizer amabili awela.
⊙I-Extinction Ratio kanye neDegree ye-Polarization: Izakhiwo ze-polarizing ze-linear polarizer zivame ukuchazwa ngezinga le-polarization noma ukusebenza kahle kwe-polarization, okungukuthi, P=(T1-T2)/(T1+T2) kanye nesilinganiso sokuqothulwa kwayo, okungukuthi, ρp=T2/T1lapho ukudluliselwa okuyinhloko kokukhanya kwe-linearly polarized ngokusebenzisa i-polarizer kuyi-T1 ne-T2. I-T1 iwukudluliswa okuphezulu nge-polarizer futhi kwenzeka lapho i-axis yokudlulisela ye-polarizer ihambisana nokuhlukaniswa kwesigameko kwe-polarized beam; I-T2 ukudluliselwa okuncane nge-polarizer futhi kwenzeka lapho i-axis yokudlulisela ye-polarizer ibhekene ne-polarization yesigameko se-polarized beam.
Ukusebenza kokushabalala kwe-polarizer ewumugqa kuvame ukuvezwa ngokuthi 1 / ρp : 1. Le pharamitha isukela ngaphansi kuka-100:1 (okusho ukuthi unokudluliswa okuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-100 kokukhanya kwe-P polarized kunokukhanya kwe-S polarized) kuma-polarizer weshidi ukuya ku-106:1 yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-birefringent crystalline polarizers. Isilinganiso sokushabalala ngokuvamile siyahlukahluka ngobude beza kanye ne-engeli yesigameko futhi kufanele sihlolwe kanye nezinye izici ezifana nezindleko, usayizi, nokudluliswa kwe-polarized kuhlelo lokusebenza olunikeziwe. Ngokungeziwe esilinganisweni sokuqothulwa, singakala ukusebenza kwe-polarizer ngokufaka uphawu ukusebenza kahle. Izinga lokusebenza kahle kwe-polarization libizwa ngokuthi "ukugqama", lesi silinganiso sivame ukusetshenziswa uma kucatshangelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhanya okuphansi lapho ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu.
⊙I-engeli yokwamukela: I-engeli yokwamukela iwukuchezuka okukhulu kakhulu ukusuka ku-engeli yesehlakalo sokuklama lapho i-polarizer isazokwenza khona ngaphakathi kokucaciswa. Ama-polarizer amaningi aklanyelwe ukusebenza nge-engeli yesehlakalo engu-0° noma engu-45°, noma nge-engeli ka-Brewster. I-engeli yokwamukela ibalulekile ekuqondaniseni kodwa inokubaluleka okuthile lapho isebenza ngemishayo engagoqeki. Igridi yocingo nama-polarizer e-dichroic anama-engeli amakhulu wokwamukela, afika ku-engeli egcwele yokwamukela ecishe ibe ngu-90°.
⊙Ukwakhiwa: Ama-polarizer afika ngezindlela eziningi nemiklamo. Ama-polarizer amafilimu azacile angamafilimu azacile afana nezihlungi ze-optical. I-Polarizing plate beamsplitters mancane, amapuleti ayisicaba abekwe nge-engeli eya ogoqweni. I-polarizing cube beamsplitters iqukethe ama-prism e-engeli engakwesokudla ahlanganiswe ndawonye ku-hypotenuse.
Ama-Birefringent polarizer ahlanganisa amaprism acwebezelayo amabili ahlanganiswe ndawonye, lapho i-engeli yamaprism inqunywa idizayini ye-polarizer ethile.
⊙Indawo evulekile yokungena ecacile: Imbobo ecacile ngokuvamile ikhawulela kakhulu ama-polarizers ane-birefringent njengoba ukutholakala kwamakristalu ahlanzekile okukhanya kukhawulela usayizi walezi zipholariza. Ama-polarizer e-Dichroic anezikhala ezinkulu ezitholakalayo ezicacile njengoba ukwakhiwa kwazo kufinyeleleka kumasayizi amakhulu.
⊙Ubude bendlela yokubona: Ubude bokukhanya kufanele buhambe nge-polarizer. Okubalulekile ekuhlakazweni, imikhawulo yomonakalo, kanye nemikhawulo yesikhala, ubude bendlela yokubona bungabonakala kuma-polarizers ane-birefringent kodwa ngokuvamile bufushane kuma-dichroic polarizers.
⊙Umkhawulo womonakalo: Umkhawulo womonakalo we-laser unqunywa into esetshenziswayo kanye nedizayini ye-polarizer, enezimbotshana ezihlukanisa i-birefringent ngokuvamile ezinomkhawulo omkhulu womonakalo. Usimende uvame ukuba yisici esisengozini enkulu yokulimala kwe-laser, yingakho ama-beamsplitters axhumene ngokubonakalayo noma ama-polarizer ane-air spaced birefringent ane-threshold ephezulu yomonakalo.
Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha we-Polarizer
Kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-polarizer ahlanganisa i-dichroic, i-cube, igridi yocingo, ne-crystalline. Alukho uhlobo olulodwa lwe-polarizer olulungele zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza, ngasinye sinamandla nobuthakathaka obuhlukile.
I-Dichroic Polarizers idlulisa isimo esithile se-polarization ngenkathi ivimbela zonke ezinye. Ukwakhiwa okujwayelekile kuqukethe i-substrate eyodwa eboshwe noma ifilimu ye-polymer dichroic, ehlanganiswe namapuleti amabili engilazi. Uma i-beam yemvelo idlulisa ngento ye-dichroic, ingxenye eyodwa ye-orthogonal polarization ye-beam imuncwa kakhulu futhi enye iphuma nokumuncwa okubuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, i-dichroic sheet polarizer ingasetshenziswa ukuguqula i-polarized beam ibe i-polarized beam. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-polarizing prism, i-dichroic sheet polarizer inikezela ngosayizi omkhulu kakhulu kanye ne-engeli eyamukelekayo.Ngenkathi uzobona ukushabalala okuphezulu kuzilinganiso zezindleko, ukwakhiwa kukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwama-laser amandla aphezulu noma izinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ama-polarizer e-Dichroic atholakala ngezindlela eziningi ezihlukahlukene, kusukela kufilimu enziwe nge-laminated ebiza kancane kuya kuma-polarizers ahluke kakhulu.
I-Dichroic polarizer imunca isimo se-polarization esingafuneki
I-Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters yenziwa ngokuhlanganisa ama-prism e-engeli yesokudla ne-hypotenuse eboshwe. I-polarizing coating ngokuvamile yakhiwa ngezendlalelo ezishintshanayo zezinto zenkomba eziphakeme neziphansi ezibonisa ukukhanya kwe-S polarized futhi zidlulisele u-P. Umphumela uba imishayo emibili ye-orthogonal ngendlela okulula ukuyikhweza futhi iqondaniswe. Izembatho ezihlukanisayo zingamelana nokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, nokho izinto ezinamathelayo ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa ama-cubes zingahluleka. Le modi yokwehluleka ingaqedwa ngokuthintana ngokubona. Nakuba sivamise ukubona ukugqama okuphezulu kwe-beam edluliswayo, ukugqama okubonisiwe kuvame ukuba ngaphansi.
Izipholariza zegridi yocingo zifaka izintambo eziningi ezincanyana ku-substrate yengilazi ekwazi ukudlulisa ukukhanya kwe-P-Polarized futhi ibonise ukukhanya kwe-S-Polarized. Ngenxa yemvelo yomshini, ama-polarizer egridi yocingo afaka ibhendi ye-wavelength ekhawulelwa kuphela ukudluliswa kwe-substrate okuyenza ifaneleke ezinhlelweni ze-broadband ezidinga ukugqama kokugqama okuphezulu.
I-polarization perpendicular to the metallic wire is transmitted
I-Crystalline polarizer idlulisa i-polarization oyifunayo futhi ichezukise okunye ngokusebenzisa izakhiwo eziphindwe kabili zezinto zazo ezicwebezelayo.
Ama-crystalline polarizers asebenzisa izici ze-birefringent ze-substrate ukuze ziguqule isimo se-polarization sokukhanya okungenayo. Izinto ze-Birefringent zinezinkomba ezihluke kancane zokuphindwa kokukhanya okuhlukanisiwe emimoyeni ehlukene okubangela ukuthi izimo ezihlukene ze-polarization zihambe kobalulekile ngesivinini esihlukile.
Ama-polarizers e-Wollaston awuhlobo lwezinsimbi ezicwebezelayo ezihlanganisa ama-prism e-engeli yesokudla e-birefringent ahlanganiswe ndawonye, ukuze izimbazo zazo ezibonayo zibe yi-perpendicular. Ngaphezu kwalokho umkhawulo womonakalo omkhulu wama-crystalline polarizer uwenza alungele ukusetshenziswa kwe-laser.
I-Wollaston Polarizer
Uhlu olubanzi lwe-Paralight Optics lwe-polarizers luhlanganisa i-Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, High Performance Two Channel PBS, High Power Polarizing Cube Beamsplitters, 56° Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, 45° Polarizing Plate Beamsplitters, Dichroic Sheet Polarizers, I-Nanoparticles Polaringizers, I-Nanoparticles Polarizers Ama-Taylor Polarizers, ama-Glan Laser Polarizers, ama-Glan Thompson Polarizers, ama-Wollaston Polarizers, ama-Rochon Polarizers), ama-variable Circular Polarizers, kanye nama-Polarizing Beam Displacers / Combiners.
Laser Line Polarizers
Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana ne-polarization optics noma uthole ikhotheshini, sicela usithinte.
